The prison situation in the United States is a growing problem Essay

Why do we choose to break the law? Its socially accepted, or so people break the law in a minor way, perhaps by speeding or J-walking. Unfortunately some people go to cold and end up in prison house. At that point society is divided, where is the line that separates us? What affects the outcome of what side of that line you are standing on? culture? Environment? Genetics? What would cause one subject to end up in prison while the other raises a family? Some researchers have conclude that it is in your genetic makeup. From the beginning of your life its already decided if you will be a law respecting citizen. Though you cant sweep the importance of the environment you were raised in. A majority of people currently imprisoned is there largely because of social situations they experienced as a child.The prison situation in the United States is a growing problem. Within five years (1986-1991) the prison percentage increased 58 percent (Bureau of Justice statistics). non only has t he prison population increased but also the criminals now have a higher percentage of violent offences. Between 1995-2001 property, drug and populace order crimes all dropped in the percentage of sentenced state inmates. Though at the same time general prison population rose slightly payable to an increase in violent offenders. With this increase in the number of violent inmates its inevitable that the amount of violence within prison will increase. The bearing of increased vio...

Human Trafficking and the International Sex Industry Essay -- Asia Pro

Human Trafficking and the International awake IndustryHuman handicraftking refers to the movement of persons across borders for forced labor, sexual exploitation or other illicit activities. Sex trafficking is the most lucrative sector of human trafficking America, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Eastern Europe, and Russia. The global political economy, political corruption, human rights, gender and ethnic stratification, and migration are whole related to human trafficking.In many developing countries globalization has brought masses of wealth to the elite at the expense of the poor. Consequently, many women of the poorer classes leave their homeland in search of opportunities for employment. These women are disproportionately affected by poverty, lack of access to education, discrimination, racism, and lack of economic opportunities.International migration is an important aspect of sex trafficking. Manuel Castells While migration has ceaselessly been a part of human existence it no w exists as a more profitable network. We are living in a networked society in which globalizationover and over. These are some reasons why human trafficking is the fastest growing and third largest criminal industry in the world (Polaris Project 2003).Kevin Bales book, expendable People New Slavery in the Global Economy, describes people in such conditions who endure modern forms of slavery, including sex slavery. The life narrative of a Tai girl named Siri, as told to Bales, illustrates how sex slavery happens to vulnerable girls and women. Siri was born in Thailand to a poorfarming family. Under the structural adjustment policies of the World bank and International Monetary Fund, the Thai government has taken former government subsidies a... ... Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001. 187 -215.Kyle, David, Rey Koslowski, ed. Global Human Smuggling Comparative Perspectives Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001.Polaris Project Said, Edward . Orientalism . Ne w York Pantheon Books, 1978.Skrobanek, Siriporn, Nataya Boonpakdee, Chutima Jantateero.The traffic in women human realities of the international sex trade. London New York Zed Books Ltd, 1997.Taylor, Jacqueline Sanchez. Se x Tourism in the Carribean. Tourism and Sex Culture, Commerce and obsession . Ed. Stephen Clift and Simon Carter. London New York Pinter, 2000 Clift. 187 -215.Truong, Thanh -Dan. Serving the Tourist Market Female Labor in International Tourism.Femin ism and Sexuality A Reader. Ed. Stevi Jackson, Sue Scot. New York capital of South Carolina University Press, 1996.

Men and Women, Perspectives on Communication Essay -- Gender Difference

Men and Wo custody, Perspectives on CommunicationThroughout quantify it has been documented that men and women see things in the world from different perspectives. A man will pay $2 for a $1 item he wants but a cleaning woman will pay $1 for a $2 item she doesnt want. Men and womens minds are truly wired up differently, and Im not just talking about sex. Making love, for most women is the greatest expression of intimacy a couple can achieve. To most men, you can announce it whatever you want just as long as they end up in bed. (Actually, I hope that is my last sexual reference.) A woman knows all about her children. She knows about dentist appointments and romances, best friends, favorite foods, secret fears, and hopes and dreams. A man is vaguely aware of some short people livelihood in the house. These are just a few crude stereotypical examples of how men and women see the world differently. Heartfelt, meaningful and truthful communication or the pretermit there of, is a pr imary culprit in accentuating the differences between men and women. Women long desperately for it and men dont know how to or are unwilling to provide it. These differences, although sometimes very subtle, are also apparent in many of todays literary classics. In the short composition by John Steinbeck, The Chrysanthemums, the husband and wife do not communicate effectively and both see their particular status in life differently. Stanley Kauffmanns The More the Merrier is a funny look at four peoples perspective on what marriage would mean for them and how the secrets they kept will screw round to bite them. But, perhaps, not all men and women are as ineffectual at communicating as those I have highlighted in the scratch dickens examples. Judith Viorsts True Love is an expression of how she knows what she shares with her husband is truthful love. Most men would probably agree with her. There is obviously great two way communication in her relationship with her husband.Heartfe lt, meaningful and truthful communication or the lack thereof, plays a large part in John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums and Judith Viorsts True Love and to a smaller extent in Stanley Kauffmanns The More the Merrier. The stereotypical model tells us that the man is usually the sensation that can not or will not communicate. In chrysanthemums, there is a bit of a twist, Elisa is the one that has a hard time com... ...unspoken message. It is true love because When I said that playing the stock market was juvenile and irresponsible and then when the stock I wouldnt let him subvert went up twenty-six points, I understood why he hated me. (19, 23-24) Strangely, I think that most men would agree with Ms. Viorsts expression of their true love. Genuine, heartfelt, meaningful and truthful communication between men and women is the key that can solve any problem. Men may be from Mars and women from Venus, but both once in a while, a couple to manage to split the difference and meet her on earth.Work CitedPoemViorst, Judith. True Love. Literature, An Introduction to information and Writing. 2nd Compact ed. Eds. Edgar Roberts and enthalpy Jacobs. Upper Saddle River, NJ learner Hall, 2003. 471.Short StoryJohn Steinbeck, The Chrysanthemums. Literature, An Introduction to Reading and Writing. 2nd Compact ed. Eds. Edgar Roberts and Henry Jacobs. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall, 2003. 359-66.PlayKauffmann, Stanley, The More the Merrier. Literature, An Introduction to Reading and Writing. 2nd Compact ed. Eds. Edgar Roberts and Henry Jacobs. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall, 2003. 821-30.

An Economic Intrepration Of Th :: essays research papers fc

Economics is a way of life The Lottery is notA draftsmanship is something that many people would be very excited to win. Most people think of a huge cash reward for winning a lottery. The position of millions of dollars being awarded just because they picked your name is very exciting. In most cases, the possibility of winning whiz of these great lotteries is very slim you would have a part chance of being hit by lightning. Shirley Jackson writes about a lottery that took place in a small farming community consisting of a meager 300 people. The probability of winning this lottery is good you would have a one in three hundred chance of winning. The lottery is thither to insure the season&8217s crops. If you were &8220lucky tolerable to be chosen, you would be sacrificed to the gods. This sacrifice would involve the townspeople directing you towards the middle of a circle and proceeding to urinate rocks at you until death. Everybody counts happy with the results of this yearly t radition until they are chosen for the stoning. Before the lottery, people are joking and gathering like it was a party. Once the &8220lucky musician has been chosen their cries of compromise are let out and this has no effect on the crowd at hand. Being one of the stoners, you are unwilling to get along the screams of pain and the sights of blood. This sacrifice ensures the town&8217s economic success and their ability to feed the families. Crops are the lives of these families and if they fail there may not be enough food to feed this small town. Killing one person a year to theoretically save the lives of three hundred people does not seem that bad. Sure the town&8217s people may follow this cruel tradition blindly, but how are they to know if the sacrifice is actually saving their crops or not? They keep on with their traditions because one bad year could wipe out the whole town. This town is run on economic success and a tradition that is not to be broken. The ability to foll ow cruel traditions without any remorse for the damage that has been done has a type of cult mentality. The economic welfare for this town is important, but is it important enough to follow a 100 year old tradition which, logically, does not help the crop condition one bit?

eBusiness Models Essay example -- Business and Management Studies

eBusiness ModelsThe modern melodic phrase world has evolved from the traditional brick andmortar to require companies to develop some form of eBusiness strategyinto their business models. Ebusiness can be simply defined as theuse of the internet to connect with customers, partners, andsuppliers.(Darwinmag, 1) The advent of eBusiness has not only growntradition businesses only if has as well paved the way a whole group ofinternet based companies that find the online environment as theprimary market. There are various eBusiness models but this paperwill focus on Business-2-Consumer, Consumer-2-Consumer, andeGovernment. These various models offer both businesses and consumersopportunities to interact that may not have existed before theinternet.B2C BMWUSABMW is a well cognise luxury automobile manufacturer that prides itselfon building The Ultimate Driving Machine. BMWUSA.com is theinternet website that offers consumers a place to view current models,build and price vehicles, loca te dealers, compare models tocompetitors, and other features that give the customer educationabout party and its products. The site is primarily used as aninformation tool for consumers to view the companys model lineup andgather information on events such as car shows and charity events. The site does offer real-time inventory introduce for its CertifiedPre-Owned vehicles but not for new model inventory.The potential buyer is able to view the current model lineup and go tobuild their special vehicle. Once the specific vehicle is priced,the customer is offered the option to compare their vehicle to otherBMWs or competitor vehicles. The customer is then directed tocalculate financing options. The final step is sending the customerinquiry to local dealership via e-mail. There are several weaknesseswith the current format as the prices calculated on the website areonly MSRP and does not reflect actual dealer negotiated prices. Another drawback is that the customer web experience do es not completethe buying process as the customer is required to go to the dealershipto make the actual purchase. Customers are able to make orders viae-mail contact but actual pricing information is rarely given via thismedian.Once the consumer has actually ordered a vehicle from a dealership,they are then offered access to the eli... ...ite benefit by retrieving accurate governmentinformation and documents in a single resource. The IRS benefits byreducing the volume of inquiries to the actual offices about thedocuments and other information that is available on the site. Summary all(prenominal) of these eBusiness models serve to inform and engage the targetaudience and provide an added level of efficiency to the business,seller, or agency. The provider of the internet site has a particular agendum whether to promote or inform and these site provide around theclock access to this information. The sites offer information onproduct offerings but also integrated or agency informati on likeemployment opportunities. In each case, the site serves to improveefficiencies within the firm to market their particular offerings. ReferencesBMW Homepage, http//www.bmwusa.com , Retrieved November 15, 2004.Darwin Executive Guides,http//guide.darwinmag.com/engineering/ebusiness/b2c/ ,Retrieved November 15, 2004.Ebay, http//www.ebay.com . Retrieved November 16, 2004IRS Homepage, http//www.irs.gov. Retrieved November 16, 2004.Rayport-Jawprski. (2003). Introduction to e-Commerce. McGraw-Hill..

eBusiness Models Essay example -- Business and Management Studies

eBusiness ModelsThe modern business world has evolved from the traditional brick andmortar to require companies to develop some form of eBusiness strategyinto their business positions. Ebusiness can be simply defined as theuse of the internet to connect with customers, partners, andsuppliers.(Darwinmag, 1) The advent of eBusiness has not exactly growntradition businesses that has also paved the representation a whole group ofinternet based companies that find the online environment as theprimary market. There are various eBusiness models but this paper volition focus on Business-2-Consumer, Consumer-2-Consumer, andeGovernment. These various models offer both businesses and consumersopportunities to interact that may not have existed before theinternet.B2C BMWUSABMW is a well known luxury railway car manufacturer that prides itselfon building The Ultimate Driving Machine. BMWUSA.com is theinternet website that offers consumers a place to view current models,build and price vehicl es, locate dealers, compare models tocompetitors, and otherwise features that give the customer maintainationabout company and its products. The site is primarily used as aninformation tool for consumers to view the companys model lineup andgather information on events such as car shows and charity events. The site does offer real-time inventory tracking for its CertifiedPre-Owned vehicles but not for new model inventory.The potential buyer is able to view the current model lineup and go tobuild their particular proposition vehicle. Once the specific vehicle is priced,the customer is offered the option to compare their vehicle to otherBMWs or competitor vehicles. The customer is then directed tocalculate financing options. The final shade is sending the customerinquiry to local dealership via e-mail. There are several weaknesseswith the current format as the prices calculated on the website areonly MSRP and does not reflect actual dealer negotiated prices. Another drawback is tha t the customer web experience does not completethe buying process as the customer is mandatory to go to the dealershipto make the actual purchase. Customers are able to make orders viae-mail contact but actual pricing information is rarely inclined via thismedian.Once the consumer has actually ordered a vehicle from a dealership,they are then offered access to the eli... ...ite benefit by retrieving accurate governmentinformation and documents in a single resource. The IRS benefits byreducing the volume of inquiries to the actual offices about thedocuments and other information that is available on the site. SummaryAll of these eBusiness models serve to inform and engage the targetaudience and provide an added level of efficiency to the business,seller, or fashion. The provider of the internet site has a particularagenda whether to promote or inform and these site provide around theclock access to this information. The sites offer information onproduct offerings but also corporat e or agency information likeemployment opportunities. In each case, the site serves to improveefficiencies within the firm to market their particular offerings. ReferencesBMW Homepage, http//www.bmwusa.com , Retrieved November 15, 2004.Darwin Executive Guides,http//guide.darwinmag.com/technology/ebusiness/b2c/ ,Retrieved November 15, 2004.Ebay, http//www.ebay.com . Retrieved November 16, 2004IRS Homepage, http//www.irs.gov. Retrieved November 16, 2004.Rayport-Jawprski. (2003). Introduction to e-Commerce. McGraw-Hill..

Apple’s Competitive Advantage Clearly Lies

Apples free-enterprise(a) advantage clearly lies in its transcriptional kitchen-gardening. However the leadership for maintaining the specific cultural orientation comes from Steve Jobs vision of the future direction of product teaching. Without his leadership, the phoner might not be in a position to develop products that will transform the market.This has been the marrow squash competency of the company. By transforming the market dynamics, the company has managed to create a market leadership position. Therefore new-sprung(prenominal) product development has been the critical success actor at Apple and the guiding force behind the success of this schema has been Steve Jobs vision. at once he relinquishes his position, it is not clear whether Apple would be fitted to maintain its competitive advantage. In this respect, the issues of succession planning become relevant. If Apple is to make its competitive advantage sustainable, then it would have to develop the necessary kind-hearted capital that would maintain the companys impetus in new product development.According to Michael Porters framework for strategy formulation, a business organization has three strategies at its disposal for developing a competitive advantage differentiation, cost minimization and quick response.The problem with these strategies is that they cannot lead to the development of a sustainable competitive advantage because they can be easily copied by competitor organizations.However when it comes to the competitive advantage rooted in the organizational culture, then it becomes sustainable because the organizational culture in each company is unique, therefore the best practices in this regard whitethorn not be immediately transferable.This unique organizational culture at Apple has been created by Steve Jobs vision for the continuous improvement process. Essentially he is implementing the strategy of differentiation through a continuous process of new product development.H owever it is his leadership which facilitates the continuous process of managing change which new product development entails. Therefore whether the company would survive Steve Jobs departure is a valid question.The full general public is clearly of the opinion that Apple will lose its competitive advantage once Jobs no longer provides the creative force. The share prices of the company hover depending on the health condition of the CEO. In order to boost public confidence, the management of the company should clearly develop its internal resources so that dependence on Steve Jobs leadership may be slowly diminished.However no matter how much of strategic human resource management the company practices, its glory days may be gone with the departure of Steve Jobs. His vision guided the product development strategies of the company and they were the core competencies of the company.Once this mental connect with the market is no longer there, the company may no longer be in a positio n to develop products that will draw an enthusiastic response from the market. Apples competitive advantage is based on reshaping markets and rethinking products to the core. The implementation of both these strategies has been driven by Steve Jobs vision.The critical need for Apple at the moment is to conduct a rigorous process of succession planning. The company needs to recruit manpower from external sources in order to maintain the innovative spirit of the company. The most important strategy for the company is to maintain the strategy of differentiation. However the innovative cultural orientation must be maintained.The management should therefore develop human capital accordingly. Employees must be made to see how their work links to the strategic focus of the company, so that they can be involved in the new product development process. In this respect, the importance of creative thinking must be stressed at all times.In this respect, the management has to invest in training and development programs. Once the employees are involved in the decision making process, it will be enriched and as a result, the company will be able to maintain its momentum in continuing to develop revolutionary products.Dess, Gregory G., et al. (2007). Strategic Management Creating Competitive Advantage. McGraw Hill/Irwin.

A Survey of Engineering Education in Nigeria Essay

Sustainable increase at local, regional and global scales is perhaps the most daunting quarrel that humanity has ever faced. Knowledge and its coating atomic number 18 two elements common and central to each of the economic, social and environmental pillars of sustainable development and the umteen approaches aimed at achieving sustainability.Solutions to the major sustainability problems of the 21st century including poverty alleviation, decoupling of economic harvest and environmental impact, renewable energy sources, desertification, mitigateing ecosystem services, biodiversity maintenance and use, climate change, and the risk of megacities all critically require knowledge from scientific research and becharm technologies. Those solutions are available to any society which invests competently in the optimum education and instruction of its manoeuvers. The role of educational outcomes in the promotion of economic growth has long been recognized by economists and other people.Early researchers like Smith are cited by Okoye (1989) to nominate noted the acquisition and use of the abilities of all inhabitants or members of a society through education as part of its economic fortune. Engineering education has been an integral part of soilal development strategies in many societies because of its impact on productivity and economic development. Galloway cited by Eze (2008) made a serious case about technology education reform for the American social club in particular and for the global arena in gen timel.She argued that if calculates are to compete successfully in the global world in the 21st century and testify the profession as a leader in solving most of the worlds problem of infrastructural development, design education must embrace the constitute for professional innovation and do so very quickly. Central to this innovation, the presentation explained that the institutional downstairsstanding for the long established methods of practic ing design and educating future guides are in critical regard of reforms, if the profession must remain relevant.If United States that take over almost finished public infrastructure can be invited to any design education improvement summit, then Nigeria who is in search of proficient and economic transformation that could rival that of the 1st world countries come the year 2020 needs center overhaul in engineering administration and readying. Nigerian institutions turn out large number of engineering graduates every year. Yet, not many of our engineers are involved in many of the engineering activities going on in most parts of the terra firma.Why?We shall examine briefly the making of the Nigerian engineer as a basis for determining his relevance and proper placement in committee of global professionals. THE EDUCATION OF THE NIGERIAN ENGINEER Ideally, an engineer has to be adept in a broad sense so as to be able to synthesize ideas, design new systems, plants and machi nery and manage a complex florilegium of resources including men, materials, machinery and money. In pursuance of this, the Nigerian engineer begins his introduction to formal learning lots like any other person from the very radical forms i. e. the greenhouse and primary school days.He then proceeds to the secondary school which is where some diversification begins. Here, the student chokes his first introduction to basic science and technology ideas and concepts. This as easily marks the beginning of the process where the individual attains cognition, acquires process skills and develops scientific attitudes which go forth enable him think critically. After the secondary level, he then progresses to the tertiary stage. The doorway qualification to an engineering program had been reviewed by Oluka et al. This involves a minimum of five credits in ordinary level subjects which must include mathematics and the basic sciences.With this qualification, candidates apply through the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) who conducts a solid groundal examination for applicants. Final admission is minded(p) by JAMB on recommendation by the Universities based on certain policies which include merit, educationally disadvantaged states and discretion. For direct entry students, admission is given without any examination. However, the candidates must have the higher school certificate or GCE advanced level in three subjects-Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics.Candidates must undergo at least 6 months of Industrial Attachment under the SIWES program sponsored by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF), Oluka et al (1999). It is in the Universities that the engineer gets properly acquainted with engineering theories and practical via the regular forms of formal training (lectures, seminars, projects etc) and interactions with experienced people in the field of study.The selection and organization of curriculum content, curriculum implementation and evaluation , the development, distribution and use of instruct materials,standard of examinations among other things go a long way in determining the effectiveness of this process and how the workforce of engineers being produced through it is able to meet the demands and yearnings of a fast changing world.ROBLEMS OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN NIGERIA THE CURRICULUM OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND ENGINEERING STUDENTS EVALUATION As discussed above, some factors such as the curriculum and how it is implemented, facilities available, prevailing judicature policies regarding education, general standard of education in Nigeria affect the quality of the engineers that are produced by the system.While the domain of education in Nigeria has been growing largely because of the need to have adequate hands to meet the challenges of making the country great and to meet the demands of the 21 century, unfortunately, there is no sustained efforts to use education to rail the Nigerian engineer to meet the on -the- personal line of credit requirements of entrepreneurs in blue chip companies in the country or to fend for himself and also create job for others given the supposed wealth of knowledge.This simply means that the dydx in the classroom require some modifications so as to translate to throw offting food on the Nigerian engineers table in the counterbalancet of job unavailability upon graduation. What obtains now is as dangerous as it is disheartening. An average Nigerian graduate engineer is considered half baked or unemployable because they have been claimed not to possess adequate competencies required by their end users.This has thrown a big challenge to tertiary education and training of future engineers in Nigeria. It is noteworthy that the problems related to curricula became noticeable soon after Nigerias independence from colonial rule in 1960. By the mid-1960s, educators and educational planners were rethinking Nigerias education system and in particular, the curricul um being taught in the schools.The question is has Nigeria educational policy been capable of providing the take manpower development to stir the nations socio-economic exigencies left by the colonial masters? Eze (2008) affirms that an independent subject area by an indigenous project managing firm put the contribution of engineering construction of all categories and dimensions to Nigerias GDP at only 1. 5%. This is compared with 6% which the sector contributes to GDP in most demonstrable and developing economies.For example, engineering related activities account for about 8% of the UKs GDP, 16% in Republic of Irelands, 11% of the United Arab Emirates, 6% GDP in India and South Africa respectively. The slow pace of industrialization and scientific growth in Nigeria can be attributed to the widening gap between science and technology as a result of inability of engineering education programme to adequately utilize the scientific ideas to promote technology.Science Teachers Ass ociation of Nigeria (STAN) is a body that have worked hard to translate national and educational objectives into curricula and teaching objectives through the development of curricula designed to help individuals attain cognition, acquire process skills and develop scientific attitudes which will enable them to think critically, manage and use available resources, to effectively adapt to their environment, assume responsibilities and fulfill domestic, economic, social, and political roles.The council for the regulation of engineering in Nigeria (COREN) can as a matter of urgency seek any needed support from government and institute an active machinery to give a critical appraisal of the engineering education curriculum with a view to identifying defects and devising original solutions. Today, there are many institutions made up of eighty nine universities owned by government and private organizations, several colleges of education and savings bankage and mono/polytechnic that prod uce graduates for the few job situations that are available in the country.The graduate engineer is therefore faced with the difficulty of readily gaining jobs immediately after school due to the deficiencies in the curriculum and evaluation pattern in which he was molded. some(prenominal) of the problems associated with the accepted curricular and evaluation methods include but not limited to the following * They are based on a foreign model involving exemplar conditions ( rung, equipment, infrastructure, training opportunities, etc) that are not easily duplicated in developing countries.* There is a shortage of highly competent indigenous teaching and support staff with h sufficient wide practical experience of scientific intricacies. * The curricular seems to exhibit some imbalance between pure and applied sciences and the practical engineering and technology realities, project/business management and innovation concepts and entrepreneurship skills development. * The duration of the sectional semesters for the teaching of engineering courses is very short to allow for good comprehension and application by the students.* The student evaluation and grading is almost dependent on his performance on theoretical examinations devoid of consolidating practical orientation. SELECTION OF ENGINEERING STUDENTS disposed a very good curriculum, engineering education administration must be free from mediocrity. My participation in teaching and invigilating engineering students examinations raised issues which have continued to agitate my mind as a lecturer, and as one who is expected to make inputs to the production of good engineers.A good percentage of the students pose it very difficult to understand the basic principles of engineering courses and hence put a very poor performance in the examinations. This is a pointer that they are not supposed to have been admitted into the engineering school in the first place. In event of escaping a dependable and credible a dmission scrutiny, COREN in connective with the engineering school administration should device a process of pruning the engineering misfits and placing them in other disciplines where they would perform better and later contribute to nation building.The problem recognition, formulation and solution task of an engineer really calls for a little above average students who will later consider societal repercussions and constraints indoors a complex landscape of old and new ideas. With this, Nigerian engineering graduates will be dissociated from the report of Okadara (1984) and Oladeji (1994) who variously showed that of the initial years of tertiary education, legal age of graduates (86. 6%) found work within two months of searching, but as their institution grew older, the length of metre they needed to find employment increased.I strongly believe that institutions remain the same but the quality of students that pass through it experience gradual degeneration due to unwarrante d compromise. INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT Suppose the properly students are admitted into the engineering schools and their training is guided by a well structured and societal problem-responsive curriculum, the problem of poor or absence of state-of-the-art laboratories, instructional materials and a conducive engineering academic environment must also be arrested.The situation why engineering graduates find it difficult to secure adequate job after their graduation is not unconnected with infrastructural handicaps in their institutions which is no fault of theirs. Consequently, many engineering graduates do not possess appropriate job competencies required by employers. Some could not develop their personality traits due to the absence of suitable infrastructure to spur creative and innovative strategies that could promote the engineers qualities and enhance his proficiency.Unfortunately, several end users of engineering graduates skills have had to spend huge sums of money to re train these graduates to suit their business after the completion of their programmes of study, even though they were selected at the background of excellent and imposing certificates. This certainly calls for engineering curriculum innovation and renewal, better monitoring and evaluation of engineering students, as well as immediate overhaul of engineering schools infrastructure in Nigeria.Such action must be in line with every factor needed by engineering students to confidently secure or create employment easily for themselves and the several others who are waiting on the unending employment queues away(p) the tertiary institutions. Our universities, polytechnics and technical colleges that are supposed to train proficient engineers, technologists, and technicians are now filled with obsolete and in most cases nonfunctional equipment. This affects the quality of products from these technological institutions.India, it is claimed, ranks third to the United States and the former U SSR in scientific and technical manpower (The Nigerian Engineer, December 2003). It has over four million scientists and engineers. In 1985, Indian universities have 750,000 Engineering students registered. There were five elite institutions called India Institutes of Technology, funded and equipped to the highest standards, to provide high quality university graduates in electronics, computer science and other high technology disciplines.Their products migrate in large number to the University States and other countries to apply their skills where they are also valued and in demand, like the Republic of Ireland and Philippines. It is however not a ramp to see engineering graduates in our Nigerian Universities who cannot differentiate between a bolt and a nut. Some other problems associated with engineering education and technology development in Nigeria includes but not limited to the following * Lack of innovation and motivation.* ammonium alums are produced in older discipline at the expense of new or emerging discipline. * Poor funding * Graduates of Science and Technology exodus to other professional orbital cavitys * Dilapidated and obsolete state and quality of laboratories in engineering schools and departments * rattling astronomical student increase and lecturers decline TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND SELF-EMPLOYMENT The technological development of any nation is critical to the economic survival and vibrancy of that nation.This holds peculiarly true for developing nations like Nigeria, who is still grappling with chronic problems of public infrastructure, total unemployment and underemployment, which have retained them in the class of 3rd world countries with aristocratic economic frustration. A country is said to be technologically backward when * It cannot produce capital goods such as tractors, lathe machines, drilling machines, cars, trains, and other very crucial equipment.* It is unable to exploit her natural resources except with the help of foreigners who will normally provide the technology and expertise to undertake the exploitation of her resources. * It is unable to mechanize her agriculture i. e. crude implements are still used for agricultural production activities by a large percentage of those who are involved in agricultural production. * It depends on other countries for the supply of its spare parts for industrial machinery etc. Nigeria can be adjudged a technologically underdeveloped/poor country going by their possession of all the characteristics itemized above.The greatest contributor to her qualification as such is the inadequacy of the indispensable trio of science, engineering technology and innovation (SETI) for any prudence that is serious about technology development. SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self employment can be defined as earning a living by working independently or running a gainful business for the satisfaction of ones needs. Having realized this, many industrialized and newly industrialized coun tries have committed resources and time to the promotion of entrepreneurship through various means including specific emphasis on the educational sectorreorientation, especially at the tertiary level.As stated front in this paper, many Nigerian engineering graduates have been branded unemployable. It is the duty of engineering educators to rebrand our future engineers. Suffice it to observe that the present problem accumulate over the years. The compartmentalization of educational, industrial, employment and labour policies in Nigeria seem not to have encouraged self employment right from the colonial era. Many of the educational policies centered on primary, secondary and adult education.The colonial educational policy centered on the production of literate nationals who were required to man positions, which would strengthen the colonial administration. Thus our educational institutions, few as they were remained factories for producing clerks, interpreters, forest guards and san itary inspectors as no special professional or entrepreneurial skill was envisaged in the educational system, (Akinyemi, 1987). Unfortunately, the trend affected the foundation of engineering education in Nigeria. The complete absence of attempt education in the educational policy had continued till now.The industrial policy which came on board only after the Nigerian independence in 1960 initially concentrated on the establishment of big industries with tattle neglect for small scale business. By so doing entrepreneurship which is the bedrock of small scale business was unwittingly de-emphasized. The combination of apathy to education for self-employment in the engineering schools system and the long term apathy to the development of entrepreneurial skill through a robust and all encompassing engineering curriculum has contributed in no small way to the serious unemployment problem facing the engineering graduates.There needs to be an urgent link between engineering education, ent erprise and self employment through an integrated national policy on engineering education. This would serve as a panacea for solving the massive unemployment problem, diminish rural poverty and empower a larger percentage of the citizens economically. NEED FOR REFORM It is obvious that Nigeria is grappling with myriads of economic, social and political problems. Even, the structures and practice of democratic presidency reintroduced in 1999 needs a structural reform to sustain it.Faced as it is with so many short term issues, the government should be sensitive that she should also address long term issues, which posses the greater potential to shape the countries future. In todays world in which markets are increasingly globalizing and technological changes are recognized as a leading indices of economic growth and dynamism, Nigeria cannot afford to neglect the need to an active Engineering and Technological infrastructure operational in a policy environment, which encourages an d rewards research and development, as well as meritocracy.Much as Nigeria has conveyed a curriculum conference to restore the direction of our matter education objectives in 1969, and have experienced some technological growths, we are yet to see technological development. Our economic life has refused to improve in an era when many nations of the world have entered the phase of industrial revolution in which computers, robots, microelectronics, biotechnology and nuclear technology are in common use, Nigeria is yet to get the picture the first phase of industrial revolution which began in Europe in the eighteenth century.We must henceforth seek to create the much needed technological culture in which the general public is made aware of the need to use scientific methodologies in their daily operation. Many graduates of our institutions are unemployed or unemployable. This ultimately poses questions to the nature of training given to them in our institutions. Do they have enough s pecialized skills that would make them job seekers or job creators in the area of Science, Engineering, Technology and Innovation?Meanwhile, the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) demonstrated that so much has been put into paper to grow the economy. This has not translated to the much expected transformation, technology development and self employment capability in the citizenry. Something really has to be done and very quikly especially with reference to the Millenium Development Goals (MGGs) which is concentrate on poverty eradication and the Vision 20-20-20 national development plan. REMEDIES AND CONCLUSION STAFF TRAINING AND RETENTION Continuous training of the trainers is very important in engineering education.To obtain a grounded knowledge and detailed experience in real world aspects of engineering theories, policies and global best practices, with emphasis on current status and further studies of various engineering fields, the engineering educ ators must be subjected to continuous sponsored training courses. Making efforts to prevent the fully trained engineering educators from calmness of their duty is equally essential. Engineering is a professional course. Their practitioners must be well taken care of by government. If not, the experts would be tempted to move to other spheres where they get better pay for their services.Poor conditions of service also explains why engineering lecturers leave the country to acquire more knowledge and skill but all refuse to return or leave teaching entirely for the industry. There is also some cases where skilled and intelligent engineering teachers remain in their teaching and research objectives, but do not devote their full attention to the work in their bid to supplement their economy through other activities. The engineering lecturers remuneration ought to be adjusted to come at par with that of other professionals in the country.This will not only arouse the needed interest in the job but also prevent brain drain in engineering education and provide for more efficient teaching and research exercise. A number of recommendations for the successful administration of science and engineering education in Nigeria are given below with respect to self-employment and technology development in the nation * Strengthening University-Industry Interaction Programme * Periodic Accreditation Exercises by Regulatory and Professional bodies such as National Universities Commission (NUC), National Board for Technical gentility (NBTE), COREN, MDCN, NIA, etc.* Introduction of Supervised Graduate Training Scheme in Engineering (SGTSE) * Curriculum Review in Institutions to address the current unemployment in the country * Establishment of Nigeria Institute of Engineering Technology with the aim of providing practical drills to graduate engineers of all discipline. * Provision modern engineering infrastructure. * Establishment of Technology Innovation Fund. * innovation and Development of Mobile Internet Unit for easy access to current trends in engineering practice.There is also the need to bridge the gap between the Nigeria Entrepreneur and the University. Very few entrepreneurs have been stimulated to have meaningful interaction with the Universities and Polytechnics. There is a lot to be learnt by the Universities from the experiences of entrepreneurs who have toiled, failed and succeeded, and failed once more and succeeded (Olufokunbi, 1995). Similarly the entrepreneurs can achieve this inter-relationship by * Inviting academics to spend some time in their establishment e.g. Sabbatical leave* Sending some of their staff for in-service training in tertiary institution * Visiting higher institutions on invitation to share experiences with students and staff * Financing research and consultancy especially those related to their businesses. CONCLUSION A survey of the administration of engineering education in Nigeria has been made in relation to techn ology development and self employment. Its advantages and drawbacks have been reviewed.It is now known that for any nation especially developing ones like Nigeria to grow and develop, proper attention has to be paid to the environment, condition and manner in which engineering education is taught in her institutions, as it is the backbone of all technology development. Qualitative mastery of the tenets of engineering by lectures and students will aid self-employment and inadvertently effect the actualization of the federal government of Nigerias vision 20-20-20 development goal. REFERENCES Oluka, S. I. Onwualu, A. P, Eneh, I. I. (1999).Engineer In- Society. SNAAP printers and publishers, Enugu Eze, E. M, (2008). Infrastructural Development in Nigeria Need for Engineering Edducation Reforms. On the occasion of 12th Herbert Macauly Memorial Lecture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, june 7, 2008 Bassi, S. Y, (2004), The role of the Directorate of Technical Cooperation in Africa (DTCA) i n Technology Transfer and Acquisition in African Countries. Proceeding of Africa Regional Conference on Engineering Educatio, University of Lagos, Nigeria, 20th-22nd September, 2004 Okoye, C. C. (1989).The place of manpower planning in national economic development. Paper presented at the national seminar on manpower planning organized by National Manpower Board in collaboration with ILO and UNDP http//www. herpnet. org/REFORMING_HIGHER_EDUCATION_IN_AFRICA/Chapter%2015. pdf Okadara, J. T. (1984). Employment Status of University of Ibadan Graduates 1950-1971 Ibadan University Press, Ibadan. Olunloyo, V. O. S (2002). The challenges of Globalization for the Design of Technical Curriculum in Developing Countries, First Edition, University of Lagos Press.Federal Government of Nigeria National Manpower Board. 1986, 1984 Graduate Employment Tracer Study. Lagos, Nigeria. Oladeji, S. I. (1994). Absorption of educated manpower into Nigerias informal sector. Diagnostic Studies, National Manpow er Board. Lagos, Nigeria. Adeniyi, E. O. (2001). Problems of the national education system. In strategies of introducing new curricula in West Africa, Akinyemi A. O. (1987). Effects of Government Policies on the Development of Small-Scale Industries in Nigeria.Paper presented at the National Conference on Small-Scale Industries Organized by Business and Projects Consultancy of NISER Ibadan. 23-25th Feb. 1987. Aladekomo O. Florence Nigeria teachingal Policy and Entrepreneurship. 2004. http//www. krepublishers. com/02-Journals/JSS/JSS-09-0-000-000-2004-Web/JSS-09-2-075-148-2004-Abst-PDF/JSS-09-2-075-083-2004-Aladekomo-F-O/JSS-09-2-075-083-2004-Aladekomo-F-O. pdf Uwaifo V. O. (2005), Vocational Education and Generous education, Conflict or convergence. Niger J.Education press, Institute of Education Ambrose Ali University, Ekpoma Uddin P. S. O, Uwaifo, V. O, (2005). Principles and Practice of Vocational Technical Education in Nigeria, Ever blessed publishers, Benin City. Olufokunbi B. (1995). Entrepreneurship within The Nigerian Economy Today. Paper Presented at the Conference on Entrepreneurship within the Nigerian Economy organized by CIRD, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife. 11th Oct. 1995. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en. wikipedia. org/wiki/education_in_Nigeria Science and Technology for Sustainable Development. 2002.

The Significance of Suicide in Hamlet

The Signifi potce of Suicide in village The concept of suicide is one that is greatly contemplated and discussed by Hamlet and other characters in William Shakespeares play. It can be seen through two of Hamlets soliloquies and his overall demeanor throughout the play. Hamlet has many issues that he must deal with such as the stopping point of his generate and the marriage of his uncle and mother. These two incidents led Hamlet to consider the extreme act of suicide to escape the fate that he had been bestowed. Although Hamlet did not commit suicide, in the curiosity the path that he took inevitably led to his suicidal intentions and his eventual downfall.The contemplation of suicide threatens Hamlet and various characters in the play leading to the demise of the characters and the region of Denmark. The sudden and tragic death of poof Hamlet left the kingdom of Denmark and more importantly his son, Prince Hamlet, in a state of distress as a quick fix to this problem Claudius married Gertrude. In the beginning of the play, after Hamlets confrontation with Claudius, he states in his soliloquy that, O, that this too too secure flesh would melt / Thaw and resolve itself into a dew Or that the Everlasting had not fixd / His canon gainst self-slaughter O God God (Act I, Sc. 2) Hamlet clearly expresses his Christian beliefs and his fear of being punished for self-slaughter. He believes that it is better to live in his current state then be damned to hell in the after living. single may view this outburst as his method of venting or an over exaggerated teenage rant. For it seems that Hamlet is not capable of dealing with the death of his draw or the marriage, however incestuous it may be, in a reasonable and non-destructive way.The appearance of his fathers ghost sparked a fire inside of Hamlet he took it upon himself to avenge his fathers death a deed that he would not be able to complete if he committed suicide. Hamlets Christian beliefs may have held him defend from an untimely death at first but his craving for revenge overpowered eachthing else, driving him to live on. Hamlet was not the only person that struggled with his life and positive a disturbed psyche, the most notable character being Ophelia.Many factors led to Ophelias death, one of the reasons being Hamlets so-called fake craziness which drove him to ruin his kindred with Ophelia, but it wasnt the only factor that led to her downfall. Ophelias father and brother, checked her against Hamlet, and even though she heeded their warning it led to her ultimate demise. Some people speculate that Ophelia was pregnant and in the Elizabethan era that this play takes place suicide was the preferred method of abortion or a solution to premarital sex.Preceding Ophelias death, she was in a psychical state of distress and disturbance this may have been a reason that led to her death. She may have viewed suicide as the only escape from her cruel, rasping life after Hamlet denied her and after the death of her father taking into account that her death may have been an accident. She was given a very oblige funeral, the priest even stating that, As we have warrantise her death was doubtful. (Act V, Sc. 1) Had her death been truly recognized as a suicide she would not have received a burial and her tree trunk most likely would have been left in the river to rot.The death of Ophelia was devastating to Hamlet, for when he heard of her death and saw her pale body in the casket, he admitted to Laertes and the clown that he did in fact love Ophelia. This deepened his depression, but strengthened his need to avenge his father. The controversy behind her death and the handle funeral that was held for her only further led Hamlet to lose faith in humanity and his own life. One of the greatest obstacles Hamlet faced was how he was passing game to avenge a murder without committing a crime.Although he wanted to avenge his fathers death, he did not want to do so belo w circumstantial evidence, he wanted to be completely sure that Claudius was the culprit. He underwent his plan by persuading the troupe to perform a play reenacting the killing of King Hamlet. Claudius sudden departure from the room proved to Hamlet that his suspicions were true. This incident pushed Hamlet closer to death. His thoughts and conscience were clouded by the need to kill his fathers murderer. Hamlet believed that if he committed this act he would find his resolve.He believed that he could not leave the world without finishing this task, but once he had done this, there would be nothing more except his questionable Christian faith and fear of the unknown to keep him in the light and away from the darkness which in the end might not have been enough. Hamlets iconic quote, To be, or not to be that is the question, (Act III, Sc. 1) is the greatest example of his suicidal debate. Hamlet questions why it is not a leafy vegetable act for people to commit suicide, for individ uals to escape reality and their current problems.He cannot fathom why a person would endure the tragedies of life throughout the years and whether it is nobler to do so or nobler to end it all. Albeit his Christian beliefs, Hamlet believes that the real reason is fear of the unknown. Death is an intangible force that cannot and will not be explained. earthly concern fear concepts they do not understand, so they would not willfully venture into unknown territory. One cannot foresee what lies beyond death, heaven, hell or nothingness and Hamlet take a craps this, posing the question, For in that sleep of death what dreams may come. (Act III, Sc. ) Individuals feel they must attain truth and sanctity from their lives and ultimately our consciences get the better of us. conscience does thrust cowards of us all thus the native hue of resolution / Is sicklied oer with the pale cast of thought. (Act III, Sc. 1) The events that occurred around Hamlet may have pushed him towards the coa st of death, but they also allowed him to realize that life was worth living. Avenging his fathers death was Hamlets prime purpose in the play. He believed that if he in fact did commit self-slaughter that his father would have died in vain.His duty in life from then on was to investigate Claudius and avenge his father. During his return to Denmark, after being forced to leave, Hamlet witnesses Fortinbras and his troops on their way to defeat King Claudius and reclaim their pride and power. Despite Fortinbras being an enemy of his country, Hamlet sees how ambitious and driven the man is. This allows Hamlet to realize that life is precious and that if Fortinbras can have that amount of motivation, so can he. Witness this army of such mass and charge / Led by a delicate and tender prince / Whose spirit with divine ambition puffd. (Act IV, Sc. ) He now possesses a new goal that he feels he must complete warn his country of the Norwegians attack. Death overtook the entire kingdom of De nmark and Hamlets entire family. The final scene of the play when Hamlet fights Laertes shows the internal corruption of the family and the kingdom. In a sense every person that died in the play committed suicide. Laertes scheme with Claudius backfired on him and his death was caused by being slashed with his own poisonous blade. Gertrude drank the poisonous drink and although she was not aware of the poison she drank the drink willfully, even after being told by Claudius not to.Claudius died from his own poisonous sword, albeit it was forcefully thrust into his chest by Hamlet, he was without a doubt murdered by his own plan. Hamlet delayed his quest for vengeance and almost ran away from his mission this delay led to his battle with Laertes and ultimately his demise. The sight of Hamlet dying made Horatio consider following him, he wanted to drink the poison and follow his friend into the afterlife, even if he did commit self-slaughter, the death of his friend was too much to bea r, but Hamlet convinced him otherwise, so he may tell his story for years to come. save let it be. Horatio, I am dead / Thou livest report me and my cause aright / To the unsatisfied. (Act V, Sc. 2) These deaths left a bad taste in the mouth of the kingdom of Denmark and displayed the true colors of the royal family. From the beginning Hamlet and his family were on the path that would eventually lead them to their end. With the death of King Hamlet and the incestuous marriage of Claudius and Gertrude, Hamlets life and the fate of the kingdom spiraled into madness. The play ended in various deaths and tragedies representing the true significance of suicide in the play of Hamlet.

Online Game Addiction Essay

Online post addiction is no longer just a worry of an American-chubby-childs mformer(a), but the worry of many parents in Cambodia and other slight affluent countries. Recently, more teenage Cambodians were addicted to online games, in order to satisfy their fantasy of being heroes or warriors. Cambodian teens would rather eat less or even skip meals just to save money for the online games. Other than spending money, they also wasted their time. According to Chheng Roth Donior, a Cambodian teen, he commonly spends three to five hours a day in cyberspace cafes, even under the threat of his mother.It might have sounded strange to you, since Cambodia is not a wet country and most of the urban teens do not have internet at home, and why would they be addicted to online games? One of the reasons is more and more internet cafes have opened up, and Web access is growing rapidly these years. Another reason would be the teenagers in fact do not know theyre addicted to the online games or its baneful effects. The consequence of online game addiction could be serious, for example, last year in South Korea, a man died after performing online games for five days straight.For accredited, the teenagers would waste all their money and time on those internet cafes. They would have less incentive to work or study since the gaiety gained from the games is far more than those they could gain in their daily lives. It would also harm the gamers health (e. g. with poorer eyesight and less exercise) and would lower their face to face communication skills. Later, they whitethorn not be able to distinguish between the reality and the created world.Teenagers are the future of the country, measures must be taken as soon as realistic to curb the addiction. First, promotion from the government is very crucial. The teenagers may not understand the harmful effects of online game addictions, government should advertise the harmful effect and doable consequences through mass media, i. e. TV advertisements, news paper, radio etc. Posters should also posted in school, streets and especially the internet cafes, just like a ensample note must also included on the package of cigarettes.For why the teenagers would addict to online games, is that they could gain a sense of satisfaction by beating push down their created enemies. Therefore, the teachers and parents of the teenagers should help them build their confidence, like giving them chances to develop their talents. For example, school can provide more Extra-curriculum activities for them afterschool. They should also help the teenagers to identify their dreams and targets, assuring them that nothing is unsufferable and encourage them to fight for their dreams through talks and lessons.Then they would not stick to the computer screens, instead, they would work very hard on their dreams. On their ways towards their goals, parents and teachers should divide supports and advice to them. Third, government should se t up clinics to help the gamers overcome their internet addictions, just like what China and South Korea did. The clinics should provide counseling and information about online game addiction, this could help those people who had already addicted to online games. Lastly, education is always the last resort of most problems.Schools and parents have the responsibility in teaching the teens about the harmful effects of online game addiction. They should educate the students or their children starting from their childhood. Schools can hold more talks on the issue in order to make sure that they receive related information. If we do not cope with the problem as soon as possible, the situation would become more complicated and serious. The solutions I suggested preceding(prenominal) would definitely help dealing with the problem, and I hope the situation would be improved soon.

Addiction to social networking Essay

Specific Purpose To persuade my audience that actions engage to be taken to stop the addiction to favorable networking. thesis Statement Being too addicted to social networking buns cause some well(p) problems, so it is necessary to stop it. Main Points ?.Addiction to social networking has caused serious problems. A. Addiction to social networking leads to distraction small-arm working. B. Addiction to social networking makes us feel isolated in real life. C. Addiction to social networking weakens our ability to think. ?.Some circumstanceors contributes extinct addiction to social networking. A. Technology development gives us the chance. B. Psychological need to express ourselves adds to the obsession. ?.Actions need to be taken to stop the addiction to social networking. A. We can download some app to force ourselves to be focused. B. We should arrange our time for efficiently. C. We should engage ourselves in real-life socializing.See more Satirical elements in the adventur e of Huckleberry Finn essay gateway(Attention getter) How many of you know what s the picture I showed on the screen?Actually, its an APP for Apple and Android users.It was developed to force ourselves to focus on our study, slap-up our obsession with our ph unrivaled.It works very simple but also very rude.At first, you should set a time, such as 20 min, or 1 h, during which, you appear yourself to focus on your study without any connection to you phone. Once you break the law you set yourself, immediately, the app will automatically send a message to renren, to asseverate everyone that you fail to concentrate and seek contempt and supervision. .(Relevancy statement) unless why we must use the app to force ourselves to get focused? Even at the cost of cosmos abused?Could it besaid that there is something reservation it a really tough job to be attentive to our daily life?Then what is it ? ?.(Credibility) moreover why we must use the app to force ourselves to get focused? Even at the cost of being abused?Could it be said that there is something making it a really tough job to be attentive to our daily life?Then what is it ? (Thesis statement) So we must stop our addiction to social networking. ?.(Preview of chief(prenominal) points) Today we will analyze the harm, cause of social networking and some tips to help us end it.(Transition) Lets start with the harm.BODY(Main Point 1)problemsBut was it worth the time we spent?Of course not.Now I will show the three bad consequences resulted from overuse of social network.They argon Distraction while working, disjunct in real life, Weakening in thinking. (Internal Preview) Now I will show the three bad consequences resulted from overuse of social network.They are Distraction while working, Isolated in real life, Weakening in thinking. A.(Subpoint 1) There is a research sponsored by harmon.ie and executed by uSamp, showed that almost 60% time for distration are wasted exchanging different windows of social netw ork, email, sms, 45% staff can work continually without any interruption for 15 min and 53%staff at least waste 1 hour on social networking. Its obvious that distraction has killed most of our efficiency. B.(Subpoint 2) Social networking also makes us feeling lonely(a) in real life.Lets think about why social networking is developed? Whats its initial aim?In light of the fact that were too busy to meet with each other and to involve ourselves in socializing, it gives us chance to communicate through Internet and generally, is aimed at construct relationship. But whats happening now?While get-together, we focus on mobile phones. Then the waiter serves the dishes, we take a photo of the dishes then go on with the phone thing. Some foreigners even ask whether phones in China can test the food is poisonous or not. It may sounds hilarious.Thing really go contrary to our wished. Check the following signals 1How often do you stay up late for SNS? 2How long do you focus on your phone whil e real-life socialing? 3Will you be upset without phone? 4Do you often feel I have nothing to say -?5 atomic number 18 youanxious when face-to-face talking? If most of your answers is yes, you had better pay solicitude to whether your connection with social networking is too much. Dont be the slave of social networking. C.(Subpoint 3)Do you know the man in the picture?Hes gear up bauerlein. He wrote a book called the dumbest generation. In his book, he indicates that digital era is making the young the dumbest generation Nowadays, young people are too enmeshed in tools for entertainment, such as social networking, mobile phone, and so on. Technology does a vitally supportive job. What do we usually do in SNS? Girls angle to upload their photos, which are carefully elected, to gain respect or admiration or something. short messages are common too. It can show how some one feels instantly. Another function is share. Whatever catches your eyes or whatever you are for, click share, then anyone is informed.(Transition)But what indeed contribute to its burgeoning?(Main Point 2) causesA. (Subpoint 1) Technology developmentFirstly, straight off almost every one brings with himself a cell phone, and there is wifi everywhere like in cafe, classroom, bus stop and airports. It gives us the chance. B.(Subpoint 2) Psychological need What do we mostly post on social networking? Photos, short messages. The phenomena implies the need to express ourselves. Also we tend to choose to be defined by others, which results from the overleap of self-confidence.(Transition) Given the situation above, people are now working on the solution.(Main Point 3) There are some tips.A.(Subpoint 1) we can appeal to outside forces.B.(Subpoint 2) we should be a good timer.C.(Subpoint 3) we should engage ourselves in real-life socializing.CONCLUSION(Review of main points) On the whole , it is high time that we recognized the significance of ending our attraction to social networking. So As ar esult, we should take some effective methods to solve the problem. ?.(Closing remarks) So keep away from your phones or laptops and reach the real-life friends. Thank youREFERENCE1.We Are Social2.harmon.ie3.Internet

Heroin Addiction & Methadone Maintenance

Liberty University Disintermediation, aka heroin, smack, horse, black tar, china white, and H, the slang names are as numerous as the places you can worst this highly addictive narcotic. Heroin, a derivative of morphine, via opium, which comes from the resin of the Paper cuneiform plant has been in use for nearly 3500 years (Dowdies,2012, p. 137). To understand the fascination, dependence, and potential therapies of heroin, we must(prenominal) first understand its history.Before man knew anything about chemics and rugs, they knew about the land the animals and plants that were used in relieving various ailments. Prehistoric man noticed that if they ingested the resin from the opium poppy there was ail relief. In the late sasss, a German merchant named Frederica Brayer invested in scientific research and with the help of a young German pharmacist call Frederica Serener purified the main active ingredient of opium (Dowdies, 2012). Serener named his new dose morphine later on th e Greek god of dreams Morpheme, which later would be renamed morphine.Heimlich Dresser joined Brayer in his hunger for producing chemical based medications, and ended up evildoing two of the near famous drugs in the world today. By adding two acetylene groups to the morphine molecule, they developed the drug the coined Heroin, and a year later, they developed a natural drug of salicylic acid, which they named Aspirin. Brayer would go on to bottle and distribute a pre-war version named Heroin, named after the common word heroic meaning heroic- known to German doctors to mean power The bottle labeled patently Heroin was ready(prenominal) to the public, containing 5 grams of heroin substance and indications included alleviation of pain o the suffering. By the early sasss, an article entitled The Heroin Habit Another Curse was published in the atomic number 13 Medical Journal, drawing attention to the severe withdraw symptoms of those using heroin, but this would not banish other physicians from abandoning the highly effective drug. Another physician C. D. Track), went on to write that l feel that bringing charges against heroin is almost like questioning the fidelity off good friend.I film used it with good results (History Today,Heroin A Hundred-Year Habit). There was such(prenominal) a success in the reduction of pain in the offering community that even physicians were reluctant to give up such a successful drug. It seemed that there was evidence that morphine had a huge potential for colony so in response they had suggested heroin in its place. Ironically, this would be one of the medical community biggest mistakes. The United States became one of the first to notice the serious problem of dependence as other countries had already enacted controls of dangerous drugs.The U. S. reputation however, allowed this to be monitored on a state-by-state level, making each state responsible for the regulation of the drug. This would lead many states to putting t he restrictions upon the deal and giving the physicians the decision to govern it as necessary, leading to what would be a black market for the highly wanted drug. Even with the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906, that demanded all drugs be labeled with the contents of their products, there was opium, cocaine, or even cannabis (U. S. Dept. Of Health and Human Services).This new addition of the labeling seemed to carry some weight, as many people began to worry about addiction not before however there was an estimated quarter of a million the Statesns suffering from it. Jump ahead into the twenty-first light speed and the statistics may have changed somewhat, but not drastically. What has been a significant factor is the crime rate increase in order for those addicted to stay well. Communities set about with how to treat the opiate addicted beyond the obvious by placing them in Jail or prison. The behavior of crime may be rehabilitated, but not the addiction itself, which for most w as the only driving factor.Its a vicious cycle, and for most the frustration is bigger than their habits. Some countries, such as the United Kingdom do have physicians who will prescribe iron (although rare) for the addict unable to reap the benefits of methadone livelihood, or the terminally ill suffering extreme pain. Specialized injecting centers are available to addicts trying to dodge the street heroin complexity, in countries such as Switzerland, Germany, Holland, Australia and even Canada. There are still very strict laws enforced with the buying or smuggling of heroin in these countries, thus rigid curriculum regulations must be followed.Methadone maintenance treatment ( phlegm) remains the preferred form of treating opiate addiction, and has demonstrate strong efficacy in the outpatient treatment of opiate dependence (Hetman et al, 2009). For those familiar with MAT, usually those who suffer from opiate dependence, healthcare professionals, and the rehabilitation commun ity, there are mixed feelings. The term MAT can be misunderstood, perhaps micrometeorites when called a treatment for opiate (narcotic-analgesic) addiction, is simply systematic dispensation of a synthetic Podia (Meyers & Salt, 2013) that curbs the withdrawal symptoms.For many, these programs have allowed the addicted to return to social stability, stop criminal activities, and enter cover song into he workforce or educational world. The HIVE/AIDS community has really shown significant advantages to the MAT programs, thus simplification the number of DID (intravenous drug users) contracting the virus via hypodermic needles and tainted works. MAT has shown to be effective because of its ease of administration of the synthetic Podia, which is much often than not liquid and interpreted once per day at a highly regulated center.The runny nose, chills, stomach cramps, nausea and vomiting, skin crawling that many heroin users suffer from part trying to kick it are absent when taking methadone. The program doses the client with a leveled amount of methadone, allowing the patient to attend to normal activities such as driving, studying, working, without the worries of sickness. These programs generally have very strict rules and are governed by the government, specifically the Drug Enforcement Agency.Psychotherapy along with MAT is the choice of most clinics, and people generally feel strongly one way or the other about such programs. In a 2013 research project, the behaviors concerning MAT were becoming more positive, as the research becomes more readily available to the general public. For the U. S. And other countries, MAT has remained controversial for a long period of time (You, L. , et al.. ). For many years, public viewed MAT as simply a trade out for the heroin user, and thus did not change their addictive behaviors, only their cravings. A combination of counseling and psycho-pharmaceutical support to methadone detoxification is most effective (Milky, 19 88 via Myers & Salt, 2013), although many chronic long term heroin users may be in such a program on a maintenance level of treatment, Just as a diabetic takes his insulin, thus the heroin addict take his methadone. This is where many critics of MAT occupy its strongest argument. MAT has been called the outcast half sister in the addictions field (Myers & Salt, 2013) with MM clients being scoretize by everyone from peers to the entire healthcare system, even the addictions field itself.Todays communities seem to be changing, as a flow rate 2013 Brown University research report indicates The choice of treatment has to be individualized to their risk factors and the overall conditions as they enter the MAT (Psychopathology Update, 2013). For many heroin addicts, the addiction is the beginning of a long line of difficulties, thus the program often elapse with a great deal more than dosing and addiction counseling. Many addiction counselors find themselves being solicitors of social services such as housing, food stamps, medical care, and often many doors remain closed to the addict using MAT.Again, it is a misrepresentation of program that is making changes in the lives of those suffering from addiction, no matter the path leading to it. The percentage of no use clients within the MAT program show a 48% recovery rate during the first 90 days, however relapse commonly takes place within the first six months of treatment (Dept. Of Addictive Behavioral Medicine-Europe). This is considered a bump in the road, as relapse is part of the healing process when talking addictions. Despite the effectiveness and widespread use of MAT, and the demonstrated benefit of combining MAT with other more intensive forms of treatment, integration remains a controversial topic (Hetman, et al, 2009). Many traditionalistic treatment centers such as those who utilize the 12 Step philosophies, assert that MAT is incompatible with recovery and the abstinence-based treatment models, th us creating a division among them. This benignant of thinking is yet another pitfall that carries the heroin addict seeking MAT, into secretive mode. In conclusion, heroin addiction and the steps it takes to reach recovery, is anything but uncomplicated.Heroin has the stigma of being the drug that carries names like Junkie and channel swimmer referring to the needle users of heroin, and the works of chasing the dragon, kicking it, or having a monkey on my back. For years, it was considered the poor mans drug, and today, its the middle class women and youth that favor its warm, soothing effects. No matter the hundreds of names its called from china white, to black tar, its a universal problem with America being one of its number one customers, consuming over 60% f the heroin hitting the streets worldwide (Meyers & Salt, 2013).

Police Subculture Essay

I will be writing my research paper on guard force subculture and how the affects of police subculture impact the body of the law and how it relates to crime. legal philosophy subculture is an array of standard procedures and set that rule law enforcers activates in relation to their contractual responsibilities. constabulary incumbents were ranked the fifth most stressful job in the world. Since police work is very stressful, police officers have to deal with many hostile individuals in the public and therefore they need to defined styles to handle these laughable scenarios. What I will be talking about in my paper is since police subculture is so different much(prenominal) as their values, and beliefs police shargon which sets them apart from other members of society. Overall I will be talking about the beliefs of police subculture psychological accept of police subculture, changing police subculture and how police subculture affects our society.Police officers are people the society normally looks up to as epitomes of discipline and protectors of law and order however police behavior in recent age has been anything but flawless with that world said there is a rise in the resentment and distrust in the public. The public no longer trusts or respects police officers imposing all sorts of changes against them. Police behavior is indeed hateful in some cases especially where minorities or women are concerned.When we dig deeper into the anthropological and psychological cause of this gentle of behavior, we notice that police are influenced by a flawed subculture that profound affects the attitude and behavior of most police officers. With that being said this subculture teaches them certain values and beliefs and on the other, it turns the entire police community into a cohesive group meaning causing cohesion that is essentially alienated from the general public. According to Adler, Mueller, and Laufer (1994) police subculture is a set of norms and v alues that govern police behavior, brought about by stressful working conditions plus daily fundamental interaction with an often hostile public.Police subculture is responsible for giving offers a unique working attitude and mindset. Their character and personality is profoundly altered by the vies and values that they learn from existing in this subculture. The one most important thing we notice about this subculture is the idea of insiders and outsiders that lies at the core of all its values. Police officers are constantly reminded of their role as protectors of peace and order which turns them against the general public as they view everyone outside the police department as a potential criminal or suspect. Police subculture is also essentially characterized by violence as researched indicates that, Many officers are exposed to a subculture of violence in which they visit death almost daily. The average citizen generally does not witness in a lifetime the amount of death and v iolence a police officer experiences in one month. (violanti,1995)Dr. James Fyfe, a very well known figure in the world of law education and law enforcement indentified some aboriginal issues regarding police sudbulture during a police conference in April 1992. He believed that characteristics of the police subculture may be responsible for some of the apparent increase in the oftenness of police compkaints. He stated that many police officers feel they are soldiers in the war on crime. Fyfe said that this is a war they cannot win, and the realization of this leads to defeat and anger. (Eric Jackso,1992)Police officers are severely affected by the values that this subculture promotes and endorses. For instance, police officers are usually alienated from the general society which puts them at a great risk of being vulnerable to police subculture. This is because they are regularly reminded of the insider/outsider principle meaning giving rise to certain degree of judicial separ ation from the public. This separation starts expanding with the passage of time until police officers cannot longer relate to the common society this results in deeper association with police subculture, which ultimately shapes their perspective on others. Another spring they cannot relate to the public is because of the accusations that are imposed against them. The public usually treats then with disgust and disrespect, holding them responsible for corruption and plagues police departments and forgeneral lawlessness in the society. Fr this reason, police officers seeks validation from other police personnel, which makes the inner subculture more effective and powerful. (Christopher Cooper,2000)Violanti(1995) explains The roots of frustration emanate from the central irony of American policing parliamentary procedure charges police officers with the task of regulation a public that does not want to be regulated. For individual officers, the resulting frustration is exacerbated by a largely unsympathetic press, a lack of community support, and a criminal justice system that values equity over expediency. A sense of societal isolation often ensues, obligate officers to together in a defensive stance.While this occupational subculture should have been a source of inspiration, it is actually despised by many including some police officers themselves alter they realize how it damaged their vision and personality. Most police officers are racial biased as recent incidents of police brutality indicate. This is because of women and minorities are seen as weaker groups and when they refused to obey police commands, police officers see it as a direct attack on their authority. This attitude has given rise to some serious cause of police brutality against citizens and one such(prenominal) case was that of Thomas Jones of Philadelphia. Commenting on this case, a former U.S Marine and police officer Christopher Cooper (2000) linked these kind of cases to police subcu lture saying Sadly, in our early tenure as cops, we instructed on the code of the police subculture. These are norms that are almost always perverse. Two such norms were operable in the Jones mob attack. The first was if a citizen runs from one of us, we are to beat him severely. Another is that if a citizen physically hurts one of use, we are to hurt that citizen blush more before we bring him to the station. And if that citizen has killed a cop, he shouldnt make it to the station alive.The marcho-ism that characterizes police culture is also responsible for cases of domestic violence where police officers were charged for hitting their wives and using force to extract obedience. This is indeed a highly disturbing situation, ehich is posing serious threat that happiness of households where one partner is in the police department. It has been noticedthat when many police officers are domestic abusers even though they may not define their behavior in these terms. away from women a nd minorities, gay men also face serious prejudice especially if they join the police force. Kirschman(1997) writes As with women, gay men are presumed to lack such manlu attributes as courage, bravery, and loyalty. And like women, when they demonstrate courage and competence, they threaten the notion that only manly men can do police work.

Are You a Good Communicator

ar You a Good communicator? Are you A Good Communicator ? Sharice Vanlanham HCA/230 3/31/2013 Robert Smiles, PhD. Effective auditory modality skills ar an asset in our professional and personal relationships. The good news is that with the right know how and a slender recitation, these skills can be developed. By Marian K, 2011. Communication combines both disquisition and listening, and there is no guide of one without the other. If you wholly send out clear messages, but fail to receive and comprehend them, and and so you failed to communicate effectively.For good discourse, you need both good speaking and effective listening skill. For grammatical case effective listening strategies involve putting in place a number of practices to start an effort to block out distractions and guidance on what the speaker is saying. Also effective listening consist of understanding and correctly interpreting body language which is important because the message can only be interp reted correctly when it is received along with the body language in person. In nightspot to developed effective listening skills, a person must put the above mentioned points into practice.One can coquet out effective listening activities, such as role plays, with a friend to help you practice effective listening. Quality interpersonal relationships are important in the health fearfulness industry because effective discourse in health care is crucial for health care professionals. According to Joey Papa contributor, interpersonal communication must be clear, thorough and comprehensive. The health care industry survived on collaborate communication efforts between doctors, nurses, specialists, insurance companies and many other individuals. Interpersonal communication is the glued that holds industry together. It provides a safety of customer satis featureion and can prevent a medical mistake with huge repercussions. In fact communication is an essential key ingredient in to days medical field, as numerous professionals and patients strive to build a trusting and open relationship with each other. The main economic consumption is for one to build the kind of relationship that result in improved patient care and outcomes. thus listening and empathizing response skills, enables us to respond to patients and others in a caring and respectful manner.Defensive relationships is defined as that behavior which occurs when an individual perceives threat or anticipates threat in the group. Defense input prevents the listener from concentrating upon the message, not only do defensive communicators send off multiple value, motive and tinge cues, but also defensive recipients distort what they receive. As a person becomes more(prenominal) and more defensive, he or she becomes less able to receive the motives and values and emotions of the sender.For example A yokelish doctor directly ch every last(predicate)enge a nurse question ideas or knowledge in public while devaluing the nurses knowledge. auxiliary communication is when communication emphasizes a puzzle or a situation and its potential solution or possible changes, in instead of focusing on the other person involved and their personal traits or characteristics, by taking that approach, the communication can be more effective because the other person doesnt feel as defensive. Supportive communication is better to use in the health care field because it requires a non-judgmental attitude.The person your speaking with should know she can express her feelings without fear of condemnation or retaliation, also its good for health care because its practices empathy, so the person you are talking to understands what are situations is and what he or she is tone ending through and when a patient becomes more friendly and warm to trust enough to talk to. bumptious communication is a form of behavior characterized by a confident declaration or deposition of statement without need of pro of, this affirms the persons rights or points of view without either aggressively threatening the rights of another.Assertive direction is most likely appropriate in health care because it helps professionals feel good about themselves and others, and leads to the evolution of respect with others while increasing self-esteem. Using self-assertive communication in the work environment helps conquer stress on others and it protects patients from being taken advantage of by nurses or doctors along reducing anxiety. We all use assertive communication behavior at times, yet being trained in assertive communication increase appropriate behavior towards others. Reference www. buzzle. com www. healthy. net

Benefits Of Multinational Corporations Essay

Like whatsoever other multinational corporation, aggrandisement Motors realize been coupled with various economic implications and benefits to the foreign countries in which it operates. Acme is a motor vehicle ships company headquartered in Nuevo L atomic number 18do but performing other planetary caper in Mexico, Spain and other countries. In the foreign countries, it has been involved in the manufacturing of motor vehicle engines above their concourse to complete vehicles. The performance of the company is usually fed by a number of comparative advantages which are implied by its available capacity.Generally, the large scale capacity of the company has been a major advantage which the company uses to create economics of scale in its operational system through its broad endowed portfolio of technology. It has been suitable to successfully compete in the foreign international market which is highly competitive. The company has various chaste and management tools that joc kstrap to impair the effects of foreign business culture which may lead to operational failures.It has a wide management support which compound the tools of research into the broad market and political risks in operation(p) in the foreign market which may bring operational losses. Either it has also used the tools of mergers and acquisitions to help prevent the negative impacts of foreign market infestations. (Skene, 1992) However, the operational portfolio of the company has been faced by the challenges of negative externalities of environmental pollution and degradation in the host countries.Basically, the industrial nature of the company compounds various environmental debasing facets which include resource over exploitation emission to the air pollution, water pollution and the general socio-economic implications which are of negative external capacity. However, the problem of environmental pollution and degradation to the company allies to been a dark problem which has even called for various statutory control programs both by the company and the state government. commonly the tool of increasing taxation has been a subjective implication which has helped the company to change its industrial characteristics. by higher toll levies by much(prenominal) foreign governments, the company has changed its industrial technology to more environmental friendly methods which cause less pollution. Generally, through such taxes, the government has then compensated the society for such environmental pollutions above supplying various public goods which benefit the people. (Wray, 1997) To the company, the tools for control of environmental degradation have posited various apostrophize implications both in the short run and in the long run.Since the system for implementing environmental control has been achieved through change in modifying operation to capture more friendly methods, this has however been costly. high cost has had a negative implication to increases in the cost in the short run. However, increases in cost have been ransomed through the use of proper management tools which ensure a well equilibrise business management conceptions which continue to provide the company competitively advantages in the market.However, the long run cost has been reduced through higher sells achievements from the active product support from the environmental friendly consumers. (Snowdon, Vane, 1997) Generally, as an primary(prenominal) tool, the environmental aspect is an important tool which the company and any other should apply in the international portfolio. The cost of environmental degradation is costly and would perhaps outweigh the benefit cost relationship which provides lawsuit for competitive advantage at the market.Either, it is important in safeguarding the broad interest of the society with which the manufacturing (industrial) activity is ally to. Reference Skene, G, (1992) Cycles of inflation and Deflation Money, Debt at the 1920s. Westport CT Praeger. Snowdon, B & Vane, H, (1997) A Macroeconomic Reader. London Rout ledge. undergrowth D, (2004) Principle of Macroeconomics Toward a Multiparadigmatic approach. Journal Economic issues, Vol. 38. Wray, L (1997) Kenneth Boudings Reconstruction of Macroeconomics. Review of social economy, Vol. 55.

Globalization and inequality-short essay Essay

The process by which the lives of all people most the planet become increasingly interconnected in economic, cultural, political, and environmental terms, along with our aw atomic number 18ness of such interconnections is cognise as globalization (Appelbaum, 2001). globalization has pushed the world into the revolution of information. The planet has become connected done proficient renovations and the interdependence of economic expansion. Nations have formed one agenda, one unit, and with it, emerges the concept of winners and losers.Globalization has increased the bedcover between rich and poor. As we form one world, the level of inequality rises, the strong nations get richer, and the light(a) nations get poorer. The retail business is revolutionizing due to globalization, yet inequality seems to be the intimidating factor that comes with it.Globalization is being driven by five major factors customers, markets, technology, competition, and costs. The global marketplace expos es retailers to an unprecedented number of customers. The tranquillity of trade barriers, creation of trade blocs, and opening of new markets has presented the worlds retailers with the option of going global. Outsourcing has do it possible for domestic companies in the United States and worldwide to increase profits by using rubbishy labor to produce the goods that consumers demand at a much lower price.Minorities from countries like Mexico,Guatemala, and parts of Asia are exploited in the global assembly line in pose for companies to gain prestige through outstanding economic efficiency. The dependency theory suggests that the poverty of low-income countries is the immediate consequence of their exploitation by the smashed countries on which they are economically dependent (Appelbaum and Chambliss, 173). Third world countries are exploited in order for first world countries to get beforehand in the case economic arena.Peasants work in outside(a) factories because it is th e and way out of starvation to choose to work is not a luxury of the poor, it is a means of survival. Like the social stratification that occurs within the US, the systematic inequalities will continue as we globalize, only the discriminated will now be the new foreign laborers. They become the losers in the game headed my national corporations. The winners are top executives of corporations like Gap Inc,Nike, Guess, Adidas, and all the other major corporations in the world.Technology is a headstone facilitator, and the Internet is the great enabler. Technology has enabled retailers to shrink distances, integrate and connect value chains, and provide a cursorily increasing amount of information for storage, transfer, and use. Meanwhile, the Internet serves as a global channel, and provides retailers with unique opportunities, as swell as challenges, for conducting business with both consumers and other businesses.As domestic markets become increasingly saturated, globalization re presents a unique opportunity to attain competitive advantage, leveraging economic benefits such as improved economies of weighing machine and increased bargaining power with many suppliers. The supporters of globalization claim that it leads to higher employment and therefore greaterprosperity, whereas opponents believe that globalization, in its current form, only serves to widen the gap between rich and poor.Economies of shield, pooling production and victorious advantage of lower factor costs mean that business on a global scale burn down be cheaper and lower costs give retailers more strategic options. Companies that do not needs want to support sweatshops feel pressure because of competition, competition that could offer lower prices and abundant amounts of production.Therefore, the way that we can promote change is by being educated consumers, and supporting companies that risk losing, for morality sake. Globalization is a double-edged sword it is a game of win or lose. Though it provides an economic dependence of national manpower, many nations exploit each other in order to achieve profit and get ahead of the worldwide competition.

Public company of electronic media

caller corporation may be defined as a voluntary affiliation of individuals. It is an association of persons formed for some common feeling only chiefly it is a voluntary association of individual. It has capital divisible into parts, k zero(prenominal)n as portions. At the same clip it is an unreal individual created by a action of jurisprudence. It has a ageless epoch and a common seal. It exists merely in contemplation of jurisprudence i.e.it is regarded by the jurisprudence as a individual, merely as a homo.On internalisation of a friendship becomes a organic coordinate corporate or corporation with a ageless sequence and a common seal. It overly acquires a personality distinct from its members.Features Of A bon ton1. Separate legal entity2. Limited liability3. Ageless sequence4. coarse seal5. Transferability of portions6. Separate belongings7. Capacity to actionElectronic MediaIt is media that uses electronics or electromechanical energy for the terminal user ( ear reach ) to entree the content. This is in contrast to inactive media ( chiefly print media ) , which be most frequently created electronically, but do nt necessitate electronics to be accessed by the terminal user in the printed signifier. Most new media ar in the signifier of digital media. However, electronic media may be in both parallel or digital format.Although the term is normally associated with content recorded on a storage medium, recordings are non necessitate for unrecorded broadcast medium and on-line mesh topologyworking.Any equipment used in the electronic communicating procedure ( e.g. telecasting, wireless, telephone, desktop computing machine, game console, hand-held device ) may besides be considered electronic media.Incorporation Of Comp whatsoeverBefore a fraternity is formed, certain preliminary determinations are necessary, for illustration, whether it should be a private alliance or a domain smart set, what its capital should be, and whether it is wo rthwhile organizing a new community or pickings over the occupation of an already established concern. All these determinations are taken by certain individuals known as booster shots . They do the totalnecessary preliminary work minor expense to the formation of the order.Public Ltd CompanyA Public Limited Company is a Company limited by portions in which there is no limitation on the maximum figure of stockholders, transportation of portions and credence of public sedimentations. The liability of each stockholder is limited to the extent of the due sum of the portions face value and the premium thereon in regard of the portions held by him. However, the liability of a Director / Manager of much(prenominal) a Company cease at times be unlimited. The stripped figure of stockholders is 7.It has a minimal paid-up capital of Rs 5 hundred thousand or such higher paid up capital, as may be overconfident. Every public bon ton, bing on the get wad of the Companies ( Amendmen t ) Act, 2000, with a paid-up capital of less than Rs. 5, 00,000 shall, within a period of two old ages from such beginning, heighten its paid-up capital to Rs.5,00,000.Get downing A New Public Ltd CompanyBefore stepping in the concern creative activity & A get downing up a new concern i.e. a new public Ltd attach to, we moldiness believe a promise of the company which co-relate the work of the company and be easy grasped in the head of the people. As we are get downing a new public Ltd Company of electronic media i.e. Television & A computing machine fabrication company and the name of the company to beregistered testament be Protechno media ltd company.Name-Approval For The Proposed CompanyThe process for obtaining the name state of grace for the proposed company is that an exertion in Form no. 1A demands to be filed with the Registrar of Companies ( ROC ) of the province in which the Registered Office of the proposed Company is to be situated. The application is infalli ble to be sign-language(a) by one of the boosters. The inside schoolings of the application are as follows1. Four alternate names for the proposed company. ( The name shadow be coined names from the rejects of the proposed company or the names of the passenger vehicles, and so forth but should decidedly be declarative of the chief object of the company. Justification for the name needs to be specified along with the application ) .2. Name callings and generators of the boosters ( Minimal 7 for a public company while 2 for private company ) .3. Authorized Capital of the proposed company.4. Main objects of the proposed company.Documents Required To Be Executed For IncorporationFollowing are the paperss require for acquiring the security of incorporation or registering the company with registrar ..MOA and AOA are required which is to be executed by the boosters in the presence of a informant in saying their full name, male parent s name, residential reference, business, figure of portions subscribed for, etc.1. Form No. 1 This is to be to be executed on a non-judicial stamp paper of INR 20 by managers of the proposed company or by other individuals such as Advocates saying that all the demands of the incorporation have been complied with.2. Form No. 18 This signifier contains learning about the registered office of the proposed company.3. Form No. 29 This is a consent obtained from all the proposed managers of the proposed company to lift as managers of the proposed company. ( Not required in instance of private company ) .4. Form No. 32 This signifier shows the fact of assignment of the proposed managers as the board of managers.5. Name blessing missive in original.6. motive of lawyer signed by all the endorsers of MOA authorising one of the endorsers or any other individual to ladder on their behalf for the intent of incorporation and accepting the certification of incorporation.7. Power of Attorney in instance of a endorser who has positive a nother individual to subscribe the MOA on his behalf. Filing fees as may be applicable.This Form Is Filled For Checking The Availability Of Name throw 1A finishing signifier for handiness or alteration of name consistent to segment 20 and 21of the Companies Act, 1956 Note All Fieldss marked in*are to be compulsorily filled.1. *Application for integrating a new company altering the name of an bing companyPart A accessibility of name2 ( a ) . *Name of applicant Prankur Rastogi( B ) *Occupation Businessman( degree Celsius ) . * process Line I Phagwara, JalandharLine II Punjab( vitamin D ) . *City Jalandhar ( vitamin E ) . *State Punjab ( degree Fahrenheit(postnominal) ) . *Country India ( g ) . *Pin codification 144402( H ) . *e-mail prankurrastogi gmail.com( I ) . Phone 9569231524( J ) . facsimile 095342674477823. Name callings of boosters* ( I ) Name of promoter Prankur Rastogi* ( two ) Name of promoterPawan Rastogi* ( three ) Name of promoter..Rajesh Dubey4. *Name of the prov ince in which the proposed company is to be registeredPunjab5. *Name of the Registrar of Companies in which the proposed company is to be registered.. Mr Y B Singh6. *State whether the proposed company is public or privatePublic7. * proposed name of company ( at least 6 proposed names )a. Fanko electro ltdB. Rigs electro-media ltdc. Protechno Media Ltd Company d. Agnis electro ltde. Jippo electro ltdf. Retro electro media later make fulling the application for handiness of name ROC go out assign the name within three hebdomads of application submission..The ROC will purport into for the handiness of name and inform the individual who has filled the application .Name Protechno Media Ltd Company is available and is allotted.This is to be to be executed on a non-judicial stamp paper of INR 20 by managers of the proposed company or by other individuals such as Advocates saying that all the demands of the incorporation have been complied with.FORM no(prenominal) 1Registration No Of Com pany -1090Nominal Capital- Rs. 2,00,00,000.00THE COM travelIES ACT, 1956Declaration of conformity with the demands of the Companies Act,1956 on application for enrolment of a company Pursuant to ramification 33 ( 2 ) Name of Company Protechno Media Limited/ head-to-head LimitedPresented by Protechnicals groupI Prankur Rastogi of Protechnicals crowd do solemnly and unfeignedly declare that I am 1 Promoter who is engaged in the formation of the company, or a individual named in the articles as a director/manager/secretary of the Protechno Media Limited/Private Limited.And that all the demands of the Companies Act, 1956, and the regulations at that view under in regard of affairs precedent to the enrollment of the said company and incidental to that have been complied with.And do this solemn declaration scrupulously believing the same to be true.This signifier contains information about the registered office of the proposed company.FORM NO. 18Registration No. of the Company10 90 Nominal Capital Rs2,50,00,000THE COMPANIES ACT, 1956 notification of the situation/change of state of affairs of registered office Pursuant to segment 146 Name of the company Protechno Media Ltd CompanyNotice is herewith given that 1. ( a ) the registered office of the company is situated in Jalandhar ( Punjab ).with consequence from solar two dozen hour period of the calendar month 20.11.09( B ) The state of affairs of the registered office of the company of was changed from to with consequence from day of the month 2. shoes of registered office falls under the legal power of Jalandhar( name of the constabulary station ) . * Dated this 30th Day of Nov 2009Signature Prankur RastogiName PRANKUR RASTOGI ( In Block Capitals )Appellation prexy*State reference of most constabulary station with territory and tehsil.This is a consent obtained from all the proposed managers of the proposed company to move as managers of the proposed company.FORM NO 29Registration No. of Compan y..1090 Nominal Capital Rs.2,50,00,000 THE COMPANIES ACT, 1956Consent to move as manager of a company and/or set abouting to take and pay for do portions Pursuant to subdivision 264 ( 2 ) /266 ( I ) ( a ) and 266 ( 1 ) ( B ) ( three ) Name of company Protechno Media LimitedPresented by . Protechnicals Group .To the Registrar of Companies Jalandhar .I, the undersigned, herewith attest my consent to move as manager of the Protechno Media Limited Pursuant to subdivision 264 ( 2 ) /266 ( 1 ) ( a ) of the Companies Act, 1956 and attest that I have non been disqualified to move as a manager under subdivisions 267 and/or 274 of the Companies Act, 1956.I, the undersigned holding consented to move as manager of the.Protechno Media Limited, besides herewith get down to take from the said company and wage for..5000 .. portions of Rs.20 Each, being the number/value of the portions prescribed as the making portions for the office of manager of the said compan y.Name and family name in full and male parent snamesAddress Occupation Date of birthNationality Signature1 2 3 4 5 6Prankur Rastogi s/o PawanRastogibusinessman 04-04-88 Indian PrankurRastogiSignature Dated the .20th of .Nov . 2009 Prankur Rastogi Designation ChairmanThis signifier shows the fact of assignment of the proposed managers as the board of managersFORM NO. 32Registration No. of Company.1090 . Nominal Capital Rs.25000000 ..THE COMPANIES ACT, 1956Particulars of assignment of managers and director and alterations among them Pursuant to subdivision 303 ( 2 ) Name of Company . Protechno Media Ltd CompanyPresented by . Prankur RastogiNote If a company has no specifics to be included in one or two of the headers A B and C the parts incorporating those headers ( in regard of which the company has no specifics to be included ) need non be filed.A. Appointment of and alterations among managers.Name or names and family name infullFathers/ hubby s nameUsual resident ial referenceNationality Date of appointme National Trust oralterationBrief specifics of alterations1 2 3 4 5 6Notes ( 1 ) A note of alterations should be made in column 6 e.g. by infixing against the name of new manager, etc. the words in topographic point of and by bespeaking against the name of the former manager, the cause for the alteration, e.g. by decease, surrender, retreat by rotary motion, disqualification etc.( 2 ) In instance of pull offing manager, his appellation should be state with his name in columan1.B. *** C. Appointment of and alterations in director ship and secretary ship.Name or names and family name in fullFathers/ hubby s nameUsual residential referenceNationality Date of appointme National Trust or alterationBrief specifics of alterations1 2 3 4 5 6Dated the twenty-four hours of ..19Signature .. Appellation ..Notes ( 1 ) For the intents of this signifier, specifics of a individual appointed as director with in the significance of subdivision 2 ( 24 ) of the Companies Act, 1956 demand be given.( 2 ) A note of alteration as besides the cause of alteration e.g. , by decease, surrender, remotion, disqualification, etc. should be stated in column 6. instrument of Association ( MOA ) and the Articles ofAssociation ( AOA ) Of A CompanyNow on reception of the name blessing missive from the ROC the MOA and the AOA are required to be drafted. The MOA states the chief, accessory / subordinate and other objects of the proposed company. The AOA contains the regulations and processs for the everyday behavior of the proposed company. It besidesprovinces the authorised portion capital of the proposed company and the names of its first / lasting managers. After that the MOA and AOA are required to be stamped and a cast responsibility based on the authorized portion capital is to be paid.Contentss Of MemorandumThe name of the company.The province in which the registered office of the company is to be si tuated. Limited liability.Share capital.Object of the companyA public company has the option of ask foring the populace for subscription to its portion capital. Consequently, the company has to publish a prospectus, which provides information about the company to possible investors. The Companies Act specifies the information to be contained in the prospectus.Articles of association-The articles of association or merely articles are the regulations, ordinances for the internal direction of the personal businesss of the company. They are framed with the object of transporting out the purposes and object as out in the memoranda of association.The articles are following in importance to the memoranda of association which contains the cardinal conditions upon which entirely a company is allowed to be incorporated. They are as such subsidiary to, and controlled by the memoranda.Contentss of articles- It contains commissariats associating to the undermentioned affairs. Share capital.Lien on portions. Calls on portions. Transportations of portions. Transmissions of portions.Conversions of portions in to stock. Shares warrants.Change of capital. General concussions. Directors and secretary. Dividends and militias. Capitalization of net incomes.The Articles of Association contain the regulations and ordinances of the company for the direction of its internal personal businesss. While the Memorandum specifies the aims and intents for which the Company has been formed, the Articles invest down the regulations and ordinances for accomplishing those aims and intents.The certificate Of IncorporationAfter the paperss in FAQ 5 are filed, the ROC calls the lawyer on a specific day of the month for examination and doing the corrections in the MOA and AOA filed. On following with the same, the certification of incorporation is granted to the lawyer.When the pay back papers are filed with the registrar, the registrar satisfy himself that the statutory demands sing enrollment have been punctually complied. After this a certification of incorporation given by the registrar in regard of a company is conclusive grounds that all the demands of the companies act have been compiled with in regard of enrollment.After the duly stamped Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association, paperss and signifiers are filed and the register fees are paid, the ROC scrutinizes the paperss and, if necessary, instructs the authorised individual to do necessary corrections. Thereafter, a present of Incorporation is issued by the ROC, from which day of the month the company comes in to existence. It takes one to two hebdomads from the day of the month of registering Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association to have a security measures of Incorporation. Although a private company can get down concern instantly after having the certification of incorporation, a public company can non make so until it obtains a Certificate of Commencement of Business from the ROC.Document To Be Filled With The RegistrarThe documents/forms stated below are filed along with Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association on payment of filing fees ( depending on the authorised capital of the company ) Declaration of conformity, punctually stampedNotice of the state of affairs of the registered office of the companyParticulars of Directors, Manager or SecretaryAuthority executed on a non-judicial cast paper, in esteem of one of the endorsers to the Memorandum of Association or any other individual authorising him to register the paperss and documents for enrollment and to do necessary corrections, if anyThe ROC s missive ( in master ) bespeaking the handiness of the name.Before the publicizing company is registered, it is indispensable to determine from the registrar of companies and if the proposed name of the company is approved so the undermentioned paperss punctually stamped unneurotic with the necessary fees are to be filed with the registrar. The memoranda of association. The article of association.The understanding. Declaration.When a company is registered and a certification of incorporation is issued by the registrar the company becomes a distinguishable legal entity, its life commences from the day of the month mentioned in the certification of incorporation. And the company requires a ageless sequence. The member may come and travel, but it goes on forever, unless it is injure up.A public limited electronic media company has to be obtained certification to commence concern in advance it can get down concern.Tax Registration-Businesss apt for income tax income enhancement must obtain a revenue enhancement designation card and figure known as Permanent Account Number ( PAN ) from the Revenue Department. In add-on to this, concerns apt to keep back revenue enhancement must necessarily obtain a Tax Deduction Account Number ( burn mark ) . Both the PAN and the TAN must be indicated on all the returns, paperss and correspondence filed with the Revenue Department. The PAN is besides required to be stated in assorted other paperss such as the paperss refering to sale or purchase of any immoveable belongings ( transcending Rs. five hundred thousand ) , sale or purchase of a move vehicle, clip sedimentation ( transcending Rs. 5 hundred thousand ) , guarantee for sale or purchase of securities ( transcending Rs. 10 hundred thousand ) , to call a fewFiling Registering/Approving AuthorityOne replica has to be submitted along with a forwarding missive addressed to the concerned Registrar of Companies.Enclosures-The declaration must be submitted with the undermentioned annexure. Document attesting payment of fee.Memorandum and Articles of Association.Transcript of understanding if any, which the proposed company wishes to come in into with any person for assignment as its managing or whole-time manager or directorPower of Attorney from endorsers.Letter from Registrar of Companies doing names availa ble. No expostulation letters from directors/promoters.Needed fees must be either in hard currency or demandCompany Get downing Business OperationssAfter having the certification of incorporation, the public company has to finish certain other legal formalities such as a statutory meeting ( within 6 months ) , statutory study, etc. On completion of the said formalities and on filing of the statutory study with the ROC the ROC issues the enfranchisement of beginning of concern to the company. Thereafter, the Public Company can get down the concern operations. The Private Company can get down its concern instantly on incorporation.Certificate of incorporationForm 1No 55-009877 of 2009-10I hear by acknowledge that Protechno Media Limitedis this twenty-four hours incorporated under The companies act 1956 ( NO 1 of 1956 ) and that the company is limitedGiven under my deal at.Jalandharthis twenty-four hours .day of20 . 09SD/- Mr.Y.B.SinghRegistrar of CompaniesJalandhar, PunjabThis wa s the certification issued by the registrar of companies for the incorporation of companyCertificate of beginning of concern Pursuant to subdivision 149 ( 3 ) of companies act 1956 I hear by certify that the . Protechno Media ltd . which was incorporated underThe companies act of 1956.on the thirtieth twenty-four hours of November 2009And which has punctually verified declaration in the prescribed signifier that the conditions have been compiled with is compiled to get down the concernGiven under my manus at.Jalandharthis seventh .day of November 2009.SD/- Mr Sohan SinghAsst Registrar of CompaniesJalandhar, PunjabContractsMy company i.e. Protechno media ltd, a fabrication company has assure with two companies in which 1 is an advertisement company for the advertizement of the merchandises and secondly with a computing machine fabrication limited company.The first contract is with High Ad ltd Company owned by Sarpreet Kaur as one of the Board of Member. We have contracted for Rs 5 , 00,000 for the advertizement of our company and our merchandises like TVs, LCDs and Computer french friess etc.The other contract is with Infojets ltd of Heramb Agrawal for Rs 10, 00, 000 as their company needs LCDs for their company from our company.All the indispensable elements for a contract and the footings & A conditions are fulfilled and are lawfully enforced by jurisprudence.Weaving Up Of The CompanyIf the members of the company are reduced below the minimal no. of members in the company, it is traveling to be wound up by the tribunal. It is a compulsory weaving up of a company.For this the Registrar presents a request for weaving up of the company. Now after that the tribunal will take any action against the company on hear request as it canDismiss it, with or without cost.Adjourn the hearing conditionally or unconditionallyMake an interim order that it thinks tantrumMake an order for weaving up the companyConsequences of weaving up by the tribunalO Intimation to offici al Liquidator and RegistrarO Copy of weaving up order to be filed with the registrarO Suits stayedO Court growth legal power to entertain1. Any suit against the company2. Any claim made by or against the company3. Any application made under sec.391 for via media with creditors and/or members4. Any inquiry of precedences which may take off in class of the weaving up of the companyMentionsMercantile Law -by N D Kapoorhypertext enthrall protocol //www.sethassociates.comhypertext transfer protocol //www.articlesbase.com/patents-articles/company-incorporation-the- procedure-for-incorporating-a-company-in-india-1390673.html