China may emerge as the world's largest economy by 2020 Essay

China may emerge as the world's largest economy by 2020 - Essay Example Therefore, by 2020 China will have greatest influence on the world trading system. China will be the largest exporter and importer of goods in the system. As of now the export market of China is focused on labor intensive products. But by 2020 it will consist of even hi-tech goods. As a result, the share of other major economies, mainly United States and Europe will considerably reduce. Impact on world monetary system: China had already raised voice against Dollar being dominated in the world monetary system. The main reason for this uproar is that China holds the world’s largest forex reserves. Moreover, China wants to increase the international role of its own currency, the Renminbi. The chance of Dollar getting replaced by Renminbi is very minimal. But the role of Dollar as a common settlement currency will significantly reduce. China will emerge as the largest consumers of many commodities and goods. Therefore, the chance of Yuan getting internationalized is practicable at least for settlement of the goods for which China is the largest consumer. (Kelly, 2009) Impact on the business strategies of Europe and US based multinationals: China’s emergence as the largest economy by 2020 will force many multinationals to rethink on their global strategies. The primary area to be focused is the pricing strategy.

Ryanair the low-fares airline (Stratigic management) Assignment

Ryanair the low-fares airline (Stratigic management) - Assignment Example The balance sheet of the company shows that there has been a steady increase in the organisations net profit from 2006. The organisation is regarded as the world’s most profitable airline and this can be attributed to its strategic position in the budget airline industry. However, despite showing positive signs of growth in the industry, it has been recommended that Ryanair should embark on a drive to improve its marketing and communication strategies since it has been receiving negative media coverage. There is need to portray a positive image of and counter the negative publicity given to the airline by the media. It has also been recommended that the airline should strive to improve its industrial relations given that the employees are not fairly treated in this particular case. Employees should be treated as valuable assets in the organisation to ensure its viability. ... anair’s competitors-------------------------------------------------------------9 6.0 Strategic capabilities---------------------------------------------------------------9 7.0 Recommendations-----------------------------------------------------------------9 8.0 Conclusion--------------------------------------------------------------------------10 9.0 Bibliography------------------------------------------------------------------------11 Fig 1SWOT analysis--------------------------------------------------------------------6 Fig 2 Porter’s generic strategy model------------------------------------------------8 1.0 Introduction During the current period, it can be noted that organisations operate in an environment that is characterised by external factors of which in some cases, the companies have little control over them. Against this backdrop, this report seeks to critically evaluate the Rynair’s strategic position with regards to its external environment, competi tive forces, competitors, opportunities as well as threats. A SWOT analysis will be carried for the airline. The report will also discuss the company’s financial analysis, strategic capabilities, strengths and weaknesses. Recommendations about the measures that can be made to maintain the company’s success will be given at the end of the report. 1.1 Overview of the organisation Ryanair is a budget airline in Europe and it was modelled after the successful US carrier, Southwest Airlines. Ryanair was founded in 1985 by the Ryan family with the aim of providing scheduled passenger services between Ireland and the United Kingdom (UK). The aim was to provide an alternative to the then state monopoly carrier, Aer Lingus. Since its inception, the company went through a great deal of turbulence which resulted

A region in the developing world faces water supply problem Essay

A region in the developing world faces water supply problem - Essay Example er provision; interlinking of rivers and rainwater harvesting and their comparison based on cost involved in the method and the impact of the method to the environment. It is found that rainwater harvesting is the cheaper method to be used to provide water in India. Despite the fact that India has quite a number of rivers like; Ganges, Krishna, Brahmaputra, Tapti, Yamuna, Narmada, Godavari, Mahanadi and a good climatic weather condition characterized by availability of rainfall throughout the year which amounts to 4000 billion cubic meters of rainfall, it still has to contend with the issue of water shortage (Bombay, 2010 p 47). 1This can be linked to the following factors: 1. Increased demand for water by households, industries and for irrigation in farms: In 2006, it had been found that India used about 829 billion cubic meters by volume of water. This was shared such that irrigation consumed between 89 to 92 percent, industries used between 2 to 5 percent and the households used between 3 to 9 percent of to total volume from both underground and surface water sources as per the records of World Resource Institute, Earth Trends 2001. This consumption is expected to rise to about 1.4 trillion cubic meters or to double by the year 2050. This increase results from the rapidly growing population which will result into the need of more grains which are the products from the farm industries. This in return adds pressure onto the need of high production quantity and efficient irrigation methods (Shahan, 2009).2 2. Population growth rate: The population of India is expected to hit the 1.6 billion mark by the year 2050. Such a drastic increase in population is going to add stress on the existing water. The increase in population implies the need for more industries to meet the need of the people and increased reliance on the agricultural sector for both the raw material and food. The firms would need more water for irrigation and this increases shortage in the

Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Ethics - Assignment Example The management has developed workplace policy that is based on the organizational philosophy, code of conduct, and mission statement. This policy is then incorporated into the organization’s performance management program in order to hold workers accountable for all their actions and warn them to adhere to the set professional standards when interacting with their colleagues and supervisors and when undertaking their duties. The management ensures that all employees sign an acknowledgement form indicating that they have read and understood the company’s ethics policy. This is to ensure that every worker fully understands the set ethical standards that should be adhered within the organization and failure to do this, the management takes appropriate actions upon the involved worker (Appelbaum, Deguire & Lay, 2005). Secondly, the organization evaluates all employees on ethical behavior in order to prevent expansion of unethical behaviors in the workplace which can negatively affect the firm’s production. Personal interviews is one of useful tools that the management uses to assess employees’ attributes such as ability to socialize with others, problem solving skills, communication skills, and characters. The management also evaluates demonstrated work ethics of employees against a checklist. It makes use of an employee performance assessment that has section like â€Å"Attendance, Dependability and Availability,† â€Å"Judgment,† and â€Å"Integrity†. This makes it easier for the management to measure and evaluate various concepts such as employee’s integrity. Work productivity and attendance are highly monitored. Working upon set hours and showing up shows that an employee has ethical behavior and integrity (Peterson, 2002). Employees who comes to work late and leaves early are termed as lacking ethics. Before taking final action, the management first meets with employees with

Overt Police Patrol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Overt Police Patrol - Essay Example The most important task that a policeman does is Patrolling his specific sector. The purpose of patrolling is to observe, inspect and provide security to those people who are living under that jurisdiction. The patrol officer is responsible for his district and is held accountable for the actions taking place in his district. Patrolling is the most visible aspect of policing. It can be both overt and covert in nature. The overt patrolling involves visible cops in uniforms with all the basic items a "cop" carries. They have marked vehicles and are easily differentiable from the civilians because of their get-ups. The covert police patrol force use unmarked vehicles and inconspicuous garments which help them monitor and observe the people in a secretive manner. Patrol officers are the bridge which join the police agency with the common people as these officers are on the front ranks and know the people as they interact with them on their rounds. The officers are however the lowest paid and often receive less respect than their posts and important function deserve. Today, the four basic functions of patrolling are: Crime prevention (proactive deterrence), order maintenance (security), social services (community welfare) and of course law enforcement (reactive deterrence). 2 The effectiveness of patrolling has long been under dispute. Whether patrol officers have been able to reduce crimes in their locality and been able to apprehend criminals before the crime actually took place is a study which many police stations and law enforcement agencies wish to determine. The overall cost of patrolling is high as the fuel consumption and mental spare-time of the policemen are both wasted. A patrolling officer must fight boredom and must be fully aware of what is happening around him or else his purpose is useless. But this problem plagues many police officers and they have difficulty in applying their full 100% concentration on their duty. The effectiveness of overt patrolling can be observed comparing various studies conducted by the various legal departments over the world. The assignment will highlight various studies which took place to observe the effectiveness of overt patrolling and covert patrolling. A study was conducted in the state of Victoria. In the rural regions the occurrence of crashes of vehicles going over 100 km/hr was observed and a study was conducted by K. Diamantopoulou & M. Cameron 3 to observe the effect of overt and covert traffic patrolling and whether any specific style of patrolling would help in reducing the number of accidents in the region. Their study showed results that the best solution to the problem was to use covert style of patrolli

Economics of the Dot Com Model vs the Multichannel Mode Essay

Economics of the Dot Com Model vs the Multichannel Mode - Essay Example The positive impact of technology in general and information technology, in particular, is more than apparent. Therefore access to basic modern technologies should be regarded as human right and every effort should be taken to ensure that each, in particular,s access to them. As technology develops in all walks of life, the availability and applicability of a number of facilities takes a new form. For example, the banking has acquired new dimensions after the arrival of features like, net banking, online trading, e-business etc. Online retailing is there for all of us to do shopping online, without any need to personally visit the stores. Video streaming and audio streaming provide the broadcasters, news channels and newspaper groups to register their presence online so that they may be able to reach out to a wider audience worldwide, with ease and much less amount of investment. In fact there are a host of such examples where the dot com era has gained acceptability far beyond the l evels that one could comprehend a few years ago. Those were the days when a business was supposed to run its operations till the business operations keep earning the profits. Not any more, now for a sustainable business enterprise the business operations must be a partner in the sustainable development of society/ country. For any business to survive, Sustainable development is the development that keeps an eye on the present as well as on the future, and meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. E-business applications are also being devised in such a manner that the industry is able to find ways to match with the evolving demands of the customer with time. It can range from using e-mail to communicate with customers and/or conduct business to a web page promoting a company, from a full e-commerce retail site to the integration of procedures and processes using Internet-based technology.

The concepts “community” Essay Example for Free

The concepts â€Å"community† Essay Assessment evidence shows that you can: †¢ critically discuss the meaning of the concepts â€Å"community† and â€Å"community development† †¢ discuss some of the difficulties encountered when explaining these concepts †¢ provide a historical background of community development †¢ critically discuss how the meaning of these concepts has changed over time and how scholars influenced by different ideologies and disciplines have given diverse meanings to these concepts †¢ use evidence from the prescribed readings Critically discuss the meaning of the concepts â€Å"community† and â€Å"community development† Community Geographers emphasise spatial aspects, economists emphasise work and markets and sociologists emphasise social interactions and networks in their definitions of community. Community is also defined as people in a given geographical location, the word can really refer to any group sharing something in common. This may refer to smaller geographic areas a neighborhood, a housing project or development, a rural area or to a number of other possible communities within a larger, geographically-defined community. Examples of community: The Catholic community (or faith community, a term used to refer to one or more congregations of a specific faith). The arts community The African American community The education community The business community The homeless community The gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered community The medical community The Haitian community The elderly community Often when we think of community, we think in geographic terms. Our community is the city, town or village where we live. When community is defined through physical location, it has precise boundaries that are readily understood and accepted by others. Defining communities in terms of geography, however, is only one way of looking at them. Communities can also be defined by common cultural heritage, language, and beliefs or shared interests. These are sometimes called communities of interest. Even when community does refer to a geographic location, it doesn’t always include everyone within the area. For example, many Aboriginal communities are part of a larger non-Aboriginal geography. In larger urban centres, communities are often defined in terms of particular neighbourhoods. Most of us belong to more than one community, whether we’re aware of it or not. For example, an individual can be part of a neighbourhood community, a religious community and a community of shared interests all at the same time. Relationships, whether with people or the land, define a community for each individual. Community development The United Nations defines Community development as a process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems. Community development is a process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems. Community wellbeing (economic, social, environmental and cultural) often evolves from this type of collective action being taken at a grassroots level. Community development ranges from small initiatives within a small group to large initiatives that involve the broader community. It is a broad term given to the practices of civic leaders, activists, involved citizens and professionals to improve various  aspects of communities, typically aiming to build stronger and more resilient local communities. Community development seeks to empower individuals and groups of people by providing them with the skills they need to cause in their communities. These skills are often created through the formation of large social groups working for a common agenda. Community developers must understand both how to work with individuals and how to affect communities positions within the context of larger social institutions. Community development as a term has taken off widely in anglophone countries i.e. the USA, UK, Australia, Canada and New Zealand and other countries in the Commonwealth. It is also used in some countries in eastern Europe with active community development associations in Hungary and Romania. The Community Development Journal, published by Oxford University Press, since 1966 has aimed to be the major forum for research and dissemination of international community development theory and practice. Community development approaches are recognised internationally. These methods and approaches have been acknowledged as significant for local social, economic, cultural, environmental and political development by such organisations as the UN, WHO, OECD, World Bank, Council of Europe and EU. Discuss some of the difficulties encountered when explaining these concepts Mayo (in Mae Shaw 2008:24) observes that it is not just that the term has been used ambiguously; it has been contested, fought over and appropriated for different uses and interests to justify different politics, policies and practices. Stacey (in Mae Shaw 2008:24) also states that the ambiguity of the term community also tells us something about its wider social significance and the way in which it continues to be appropriated to legitimise or justify a wide range of political positions, which might otherwise be regarded as incompatible. Kumar (2005:279) takes the debate further by looking at how the concept community has often been used in the implementation of community-based natural resource management (hereafter CBNRM) projects. The manner in which the term community is represented conceptually, socially, politically and geographically in CBNRM policies shapes the way in which relation- ships and administrative procedures are constituted and enacted. Mearns and Scoones (in Kumar 2005:279) argue that the concept of community has been taken for granted, especially, in policies, projects and also the literature dealing with the CBNRM. They argue that a community has been portrayed as a distinct social group in one geographical location, sharing common characteristics, in harmony and consensus: images that actually may be quite misguiding reflections of reality. Uphoff (in Kumar 2005:280) argues that CBNRM faces two particular problems in how the community is conceptualised, firstly, communities are not necessarily bounded social or geographical units, and nor are they likely to be homogeneous entities with single and agreed interests. It is this generalisation of community that has made the implementation of CBNRM difficult. Provide a historical background of community development One author traces its history back to the mid-19th- century USA, while another finds its origin in the early 20th-century history of the USA. One says it all started in India in 1921, and yet another would credit the 1931 Gandhian experiment in rural reconstruction as its beginnings. It is also claimed that the British colonial administrators of India were the creators of the elusive concept of community development. Critically discuss how the meaning of these concepts has changed over time and how scholars influenced by different ideologies and disciplines have given diverse meanings to these concepts Conclusion About the early history of community development there is as little agreement simply because there is no definition. Bibliography: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Community Tool Box website PeerNetBC website